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Military & Security

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Articles & Testimony
U.S.-Iran Tensions: Implications for Homeland Security
On January 15, 2020, Ambassador Barbara Leaf testified at a hearing of the House Committee on Homeland Security on the homeland-security implications of ongoing tensions between the United States and Iran. The following are her prepared remarks. Chairman Thompson, Ranking Member Rogers, Distinguished members of the Committee, Thank you for
Jan 15, 2020
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  • Barbara A. Leaf
Brief Analysis
Ceasefire or Escalation in Libya?
After the fall of Sirte, Erdogan and Putin’s desired ceasefire can only be achieved with Washington’s support.
Jan 10, 2020
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  • Ben Fishman
Articles & Testimony
How Israel Could Become Part of the U.S.-Iran Story
The IRGC didn’t spend decades and billions building up Iran’s regional satellites for them to simply stand aside if the homeland is attacked, which Trump has vowed to do if the situation escalates further.
Jan 10, 2020
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  • Neri Zilber
Russian president Vladimir Putin and foreign minister Sergei Lavrov
Brief Analysis
Russian Reactions to the U.S. Strike on Soleimani
State officials and media are condemning the incident, but Putin is well aware that his fragile role as regional mediator depends on treading carefully around Washington’s unpredictability.
Jan 7, 2020
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  • Anna Borshchevskaya
In-Depth Reports
Operating in the Gray Zone:
Countering Iran's Asymmetric Way of War
An in-depth look at how the Islamic Republic manages escalation in the gray zone between war and peace, leverages asymmetries to achieve disproportionate effects, and employs its hybrid force structure for maximum effect.
Jan 7, 2020
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  • Michael Eisenstadt
Brief Analysis
Who Is Esmail Qaani, the New Chief Commander of Iran’s Qods Force?
Given the IRGC’s recent restructuring, the Qods Force will likely see more continuity than change under Qaani, though his bureaucratic background is a far cry from Soleimani’s brand of charismatic, risky leadership.
Jan 7, 2020
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  • Ali Alfoneh
Articles & Testimony
Fears of 'What's Next?' Will Influence Iran's—and the World's—Reactions
If the United States signals its readiness to do more militarily while also considering compromise, it could spur other governments to apply more effective collective pressure on Tehran.
Jan 6, 2020
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  • Dennis Ross
Articles & Testimony
How Soleimani’s Killing Could Make a Stronger Iraq
As Iraq signals its willingness to evict U.S. forces following the airstrike, the time has come for discipline and a focus on shared interests.
Jan 5, 2020
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  • Michael Knights
Brief Analysis
Does Soleimani’s Death Matter? Findings from a 2019 Workshop
Last year’s Washington Institute forum on post-Soleimani succession suggested that the IRGC would lose a unique coordinating capability and its most important totem once he left the scene.
Jan 3, 2020
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  • Michael Knights
Articles & Testimony
Iran Retains Its Ability to Launch Terror Attacks Despite Assassination
Soleimani had multiple deputies with years of experience, and the Iranian security establishment has a tradition of rewarding brazen initiative.
Jan 3, 2020
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  • Matthew Levitt
Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, speaking
Brief Analysis
Iran’s Supreme Leader Responds to the Soleimani Assassination
Khamenei and other regime officials have been quick to swear revenge, but for now they may focus more on stoking patriotic and militaristic sentiment at home.
Jan 3, 2020
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  • Mehdi Khalaji
Brief Analysis
U.S.-Iraq Relations at a Crossroads: Policy Options
Washington should smartly employ tougher love in the coming months, working with other nations and Iraqi moderates to improve the country’s chances of recovery from militia rule.
Jan 2, 2020
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  • Michael Knights
Brief Analysis
Escalation in Iraq: How to Limit the Damage and Reestablish Sovereignty
The Iraqi government’s vociferous condemnations of U.S. defensive strikes may just be rhetorical, but they highlight the stakes involved for a country veering ever closer to perpetual Iranian dominance.
Dec 31, 2019
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  • Bilal Wahab
Articles & Testimony
Assad Is Growing Stronger Under Trump’s Nonexistent Syria Policy
The Caesar Act will not put an end to the Syrian catastrophe so long as Washington keeps ceding political and military leverage to adversaries who do not care about human rights.
Dec 29, 2019
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  • Oula A. Alrifai
Brief Analysis
Turkey Pivots to Tripoli: Implications for Libya’s Civil War and U.S. Policy
Facing pressure from General Haftar and his foreign military backers, the Tripoli government has welcomed the helping hand extended by Ankara, whose own lack of regional options has drawn it into the middle of another conflict.
Dec 19, 2019
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  • Soner Cagaptay
  • Ben Fishman
Articles & Testimony
Russian Private Military Companies: Continuity and Evolution of the Model
In a bid to ensure plausible deniability, address internal rivalries, and advance its competition with the West, the Kremlin has increased its use of such contractors in the Middle East and elsewhere.
Dec 19, 2019
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  • Anna Borshchevskaya
Articles & Testimony
How to Reframe the American-Israeli Alliance in a New Age of Great-Power Competition
Now that China has supplanted terrorism on the list of Washington’s foreign policy priorities, Israel’s relationship with Beijing will have to change.
Dec 17, 2019
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  • Assaf Orion
Articles & Testimony
Turkey Doubles Region’s Troubles—First in Syria, and Now in Libya
New maritime and military agreements may pull Ankara into Libya’s civil war, adding yet another foreign actor to an already tortuous multilateral showdown.
Dec 16, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
After Losses, Islamic State Plots Comeback
An in-depth interview on the scope of the terrorist group's remaining activities in Syria, Iraq, and other countries, including the potential for future insurgencies and mass-casualty attacks.
Dec 13, 2019
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  • Aaron Y. Zelin
Brief Analysis
Deterring Iran’s Next Attack
Since a maximum pressure policy requires maximum deterrence, the president should avoid tweets and actions that undercut U.S. credibility regarding the use of force, while authorizing the requisite rules of engagement.
Dec 11, 2019
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  • Michael Eisenstadt

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Military and Security Studies Program

The Washington Institute's Military and Security Studies Program has established itself as an unrivaled source of reliable, incisive, and forward-looking analysis concerning several of the most critical national-security challenges facing the United States today: The U.S. military role in the Middle East, Iran's nuclear program and its proxy armies, the ongoing conflict is in Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, and Yemen, the regional proliferation of missiles and weapons of mass destruction, the security dimensions of the Arab-Israeli conflict, and many other security issues on the frontline of the U.S. policymaking agenda.

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Featured experts

Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt is the Kahn Senior Fellow and director of The Washington Institute's Military and Security Studies Program.
Michael Knights
Michael Knights
Michael Knights is the Jill and Jay Bernstein Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute and cofounder of the Militia Spotlight platform, which offers in-depth analysis of developments related to Iran-backed militias.
Grant Rumley
Grant Rumley
Grant Rumley is the Meisel-Goldberger Senior Fellow and Director of the Diane and Guilford Glazer Foundation Program on Great Power Competition and the Middle East at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy.
Elizabeth Dent - source: The Washington Institute
Elizabeth Dent
Elizabeth Dent is a Senior Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, where she focuses on U.S. foreign and defense policy toward the Gulf states, Iraq, and Syria.
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