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Arab & Islamic Politics

Policy Analysis on Arab & Islamic Politics

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Photo showing Gaza residents spinning sparklers at the start of Ramadan, March 2025.
Articles & Testimony
Trump’s Mideast Deal Is Just the Beginning of His Role
Executing the president’s ambitious plan will require an army of experts in areas ranging from military command-and-control to community engagement and rehabilitation.
Oct 9, 2025
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  • Robert Satloff
Brief Analysis
Time to Unify the Kurdish Northeast with the Rest of Syria
Ongoing delays in implementing their integration agreements threaten to derail the entire post-Assad national project, but the Kurds and Damascus don’t need to solve all of their core issues right away—they just need to take a well-defined set of urgent confidence-building steps.
Oct 7, 2025
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  • James Jeffrey
  • Devorah Margolin
Libyan flags, Tripoli
Articles & Testimony
Can Municipal Polls Help Break Libya’s Political Deadlock?
Although top-down change seems increasingly unlikely, elected Libyans may stand a better chance of challenging the national status quo by pushing from the local level.
Oct 3, 2025
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  • Ben Fishman
  • Sabina Henneberg
Jordanian King Abdullah II speaks with Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu
Brief Analysis
With Israel-Jordan Relations at an All-Time Low, the Countries Aren’t Likely to Cooperate in the West Bank
Amman and Jerusalem need to worry about maintaining peace, not new arrangements in the West Bank.
Sep 29, 2025
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  • David Schenker
UN peacekeeping troops serving with the MINURSO mission in Western Sahara - source: United Nations
Brief Analysis
Time to Pull the Plug on MINURSO? Not Quite
Despite Morocco’s growing diplomatic momentum and recent U.S. cuts to the UN peacekeeping budget, prematurely ending the Western Sahara mission would be a mistake given the important practical role it plays in maintaining the de facto ceasefire.
Sep 24, 2025
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  • Souhire Medini
  • Sabina Henneberg
Turkish President Erdogan at a summit with Russian President Putin in Sochi in 2021 - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Erdogan vs. the CHP: What’s Next in Turkey’s Political Battle?
The Turkish president has shown he will use harsh tactics to suppress the popular opposition party, but his future decisions could still be swayed by domestic protests, economic factors, and geopolitics.
Sep 22, 2025
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  • Soner Cagaptay
Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman and Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif embrace each other on the day they sign a defence agreement, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, September 17, 2025 - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Will Saudi Arabia’s New Defense Agreement with Pakistan Have Proliferation Consequences?
The deal seems mostly symbolic given that Riyadh is a major trading partner with India—Pakistan’s main adversary—but the implications may nevertheless be significant for regional proliferation concerns, nuclear energy ambitions, and related U.S. diplomacy.
Sep 19, 2025
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  • Simon Henderson
President Kais Saied of Tunisia casts a vote in the July 2022 constitutional referendum.
Articles & Testimony
Kais Saied Appears to Be in the Driver’s Seat...For Now
Although Tunisia's president maintains an illusion of full control, labor unrest and voter apathy are mounting, making him more dependent on a small and potentially fragile circle of internal security institutions.
Aug 29, 2025
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  • Sabina Henneberg
Brief Analysis
Congressional Funding Increase Not Enough to Strengthen State Department
American assistance to the Middle East apparently won’t be cut back as drastically as the Trump administration hoped, but questions abound regarding the diluted department’s capacity to actually use the restored funds effectively.
Aug 13, 2025
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  • Ben Fishman
Montage within Saudi Arabia map, including Muhammad bin Salman, Ahmed al-Sharaa, Trump, others.
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
Saudi Public Opinion in a Changing Middle East:
Great Powers, the Gaza War, Pathways for the Kingdom
China and Russia get higher marks than the United States, and Israel normalization is on hold—but respondents view Hamas negatively, want Arab involvement in the peace process, and increasingly support moderate interpretations of Islam.
Aug 13, 2025
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  • Catherine Cleveland
Israeli and UAE flags flying together in Abu Dhabi - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Israel-UAE Defense Cooperation Grows Under the Abraham Accords
Negotiations between Elbit Systems and EDGE Group over the Hermes 900 UAV system exemplify how the accords are ushering in a new era of defense-industrial cooperation.
Aug 5, 2025
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  • Elizabeth Dent
Syrian president Sharaa meets with a delegation of Saudi businessmen in Damascus - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Promises of Billions Confirm Saudi Political Support for Syria
The high-level Saudi delegation to a Damascus investment conference indicates Riyadh is betting on President Sharaa.
Aug 4, 2025
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
If Iraq Passes the New PMF Law, the U.S. Response Should Be Severe
Permanently enshrining Iran-backed terrorist groups inside the Iraqi state would be a massive blow to U.S. interests, so Washington’s reaction should be clear, proportionately harsh, and coordinated with other regional partners who have likewise been victimized by these groups.
Aug 4, 2025
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  • David Schenker
A Sudanese protester against military rule
Brief Analysis
Washington’s Difficult Mission to Unify Sudan Diplomacy Just Got Harder
Although the summit cancellation is a blow, it could serve as an important moment for reassessment and recalibration rather than signaling the end of international mediation.
Jul 31, 2025
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  • Areig Elhag
Photo of Syrian medics evacuating injured troops after violent clashes in Suwayda province..
Video
Brief Analysis
Violence in Suwayda: No “Plan B” for Syria?
A Syrian official and a panel of experts debate the response to recent sectarian bloodshed in the south, including what must be done to protect minorities and pursue true transitional justice post-Assad.
Jul 29, 2025
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  • Qutaiba Idlbi
  • Andrew J. Tabler
  • Sawsan Abou Zainedin
  • Mazen Ezzi
Bedouin fighters stopped at a government checkpoint near Suwayda in July 2025 - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Making Sure Damascus Learns the Right Lessons from the Suwayda Clashes
The deep problems within the transitional government’s security ranks have once again been tragically exposed, so the Trump administration should increase pressure on the foreign fighter issue and related matters—for the sake of Syria’s minorities and U.S. regional interests alike.
Jul 21, 2025
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  • Andrew J. Tabler
U.S. flag and Algerian flag; silhouettes of oil rig, migrant families
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
Strategic U.S. Engagement with Algeria:
A Pathway amid Shifting Global Dynamics
Washington should help Algiers embrace greater openness, both to promote stability in North Africa and to advance U.S. interests like counterterrorism and economic competition with China.
Jul 14, 2025
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  • Sabina Henneberg
Hezbollah March
Brief Analysis
Now Is Not the Time to Ease Up on Hezbollah—or Beirut
After giving Lebanese officials a much-needed ultimatum for disarming Hezbollah and implementing financial reforms, Washington is now in danger of letting them once again punt these all-important tasks.
Jul 9, 2025
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  • David Schenker
A Sudanese protester against military rule
Brief Analysis
To Resolve Sudan’s Conflict, Merge the Jeddah and Quad Tracks
The best way to bolster the Trump administration’s new “Quad” initiative is by combining it with a previous Saudi-American platform that already has significant buy-in from the warring parties.
Jul 2, 2025
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  • Areig Elhag
Newly elected Lebanese president Joseph Aoun reviews soldiers at the presidential palace in Beirut - source: Reuters
Video
Brief Analysis
The Next Era of Israel-Lebanon Relations? Ceasefire Status and Political Prospects
Three experts examine the security and political situation six months after the ceasefire agreement was signed, including the implications for next year’s Lebanese election, Palestinian refugee camps, and eventual normalization with Israel.
Jun 9, 2025
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  • Hanin Ghaddar
  • Assaf Orion
  • Ghaith al-Omari

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Linda and Tony Rubin Program on Arab Politics

The Washington Institute's Linda and Tony Rubin Program on Arab Politics focuses on social, political, and economic developments in the Arab world, with an emphasis on the Arab countries of the Levant.

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Featured experts

David Schenker
David Schenker
David Schenker is the Taube Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute and director of the Linda and Tony Rubin Program on Arab Politics. He is the former Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs.
Ghaith al-Omari
Ghaith al-Omari
Ghaith al-Omari is the Rosalinde and Arthur Gilbert Foundation Senior Fellow in The Washington Institute's Irwin Levy Family Program on the U.S.-Israel Strategic Relationship.
Hanin Ghaddar
Hanin Ghaddar
Hanin Ghaddar is the Friedmann Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute's Rubin Family Arab Politics Program, where she focuses on Shia politics throughout the Levant.
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