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Arab-Israeli Relations

Policy Analysis on Arab-Israeli Relations

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Photo showing Gaza residents spinning sparklers at the start of Ramadan, March 2025.
Articles & Testimony
Trump’s Mideast Deal Is Just the Beginning of His Role
Executing the president’s ambitious plan will require an army of experts in areas ranging from military command-and-control to community engagement and rehabilitation.
Oct 9, 2025
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  • Robert Satloff
Palestinians celebrate news of a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas in October 2025 - source: Reuters
Video
Brief Analysis
The Gaza "First Phase" Agreement: Assessments and Implications
Join us for an expert conversation exploring the newly announced ceasefire in Gaza and its implications. Watch live starting at 9:30 a.m. EDT (1330 GMT).
October 10, 2025, starting at 9:30 a.m. EDT (1330 GMT)
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  • Michael Herzog
  • David Makovsky
  • Nickolay Mladenov
  • Neomi Neumann
  • Ghaith al-Omari
A memorial in Tel Aviv to the victims of the OCtober 7 Hamas terror attacks - source: Reuters
Video
Brief Analysis
October 7, Two Years On: Repercussions for Israel, the Middle East, and U.S. Policy
An Emirati official and an Israeli expert join two former U.S. officials to discuss the ongoing aftershocks of the Hamas attack, including the revised prospects for peace amid the Trump administration's new diplomatic push.
Oct 7, 2025
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  • Yossi Klein Halevi
  • Ali al-Nuaimi
  • Dana Stroul
  • Dennis Ross
The White House is lit in blue and white, the colors of the Israeli flag, in a display of solidarity following the Hamas terrorist attacks of October 7, 2023 - source: The White House
Brief Analysis
U.S.-Israeli Reflections on the Anniversary of October 7, 2023
Distinguished former officials and analysts mark two years since the horrific attack on Israel, assessing how best to build on new diplomatic momentum in Gaza while avoiding long-term damage to the prospects of regional integration.
Oct 3, 2025
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  • Robert Satloff
  • Michael Herzog
  • Dennis Ross
  • Dana Stroul
  • Neomi Neumann
  • Ghaith al-Omari
Jordanian King Abdullah II speaks with Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu
Brief Analysis
With Israel-Jordan Relations at an All-Time Low, the Countries Aren’t Likely to Cooperate in the West Bank
Amman and Jerusalem need to worry about maintaining peace, not new arrangements in the West Bank.
Sep 29, 2025
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  • David Schenker
Israeli and US flags - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Assessing Israel-U.S. Alignment on the Gaza Framework
Prime Minister Netanyahu will likely accentuate the positive in his response to President Trump’s initiative to end the war, but key details—let alone Hamas’s response—could decide whether the plan ultimately succeeds or falls prey to another “yes but” cycle.
Sep 29, 2025
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  • David Makovsky
Articles & Testimony
Trump Holds the Levers to Move Gaza Toward Peace
The 21-point U.S. plan offers an alternative to Hamas governance, but the president will have to ensure an interim administration meets its disarmament commitments—and support Israeli responses if Hamas reemerges.
Sep 28, 2025
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  • Dennis Ross
President Donald Trump meeting with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
Thank You, President Trump, for Vetoing Israeli Annexation in the West Bank
Annexation would transform Israel’s legitimate military occupation of the West Bank into an illegitimate land grab, while dismantling the entire edifice of Middle East diplomacy for no discernible strategic benefit.
Sep 27, 2025
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  • Robert Satloff
U.S., Israeli, Bahraini, and Qatari flags on a mural celebrating the Abraham Accords
Brief Analysis
Israel Is Pushing Arab Peace Partners to Their Limits
Although regional peace agreements have survived the Gaza war and other recent crises, the increasingly explicit red lines being laid down by Arab capitals need to be taken seriously in Jerusalem and Washington.
Sep 25, 2025
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  • David Schenker
Articles & Testimony
Palestine Recognition Boosts the PA, Not Hamas
Far from rewarding terrorism, France’s recognition is an attempt to salvage the two-state solution before it’s too late.
Sep 21, 2025
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  • Souhire Medini
Leaders of the United States, Israel, Bahrain, and the UAE sign the Abraham Accords at the White House in 2020 - source: Reuters
Video
Brief Analysis
The Abraham Accords at Five Years: Resilience and Roadblocks
A panel of former ambassadors and decorated journalists discuss the impact of the landmark normalization agreement and what its future holds given ongoing hostilities in Gaza and growing Arab-Israeli diplomatic turmoil.
Sep 16, 2025
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  • David Makovsky
  • Yael Lempert
  • Amir Hayek
  • Victoria Coates
  • Ahdeya al-Sayed
Photo of Israeli prime minister Binyamin Netanyahu standing alone in parliament.
Brief Analysis
A Snapshot of Israel’s Deepening Diplomatic Isolation: Comparing Key UNGA Votes, 2017-2025
The voting patterns highlight Israel’s worsening international isolation, with even some of its longtime defenders leaving the fold.
Sep 15, 2025
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  • Robert Satloff
Netanyahu, Trump, and Foreign Ministers Zayani (Bahrain) and Abdullah bin Zayed (UAE) at the Abraham Accords ceremony, Sep 15, 2020.
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
Resilience and Roadblocks:
The Abraham Accords at Five Years
The architecture behind Arab-Israel normalization has survived the war years, but expansion to other countries will require a credible embrace of diplomacy, along with regional collaboration to shape Gaza’s future.
Sep 11, 2025
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  • David Makovsky
Photo of smoke rising over Doha following an Israeli strike in September 2025.
Brief Analysis
Israel Strikes Qatar: Implications for Gaza Diplomacy, Gulf Relations, and U.S. Policy
A compilation of Washington Institute views on the fallout of the targeted strike on Hamas leaders in Doha, including what the United States and its partners can do to translate this latest Israeli military surprise into beneficial political achievements.
Sep 10, 2025
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  • Robert Satloff
  • Elizabeth Dent
  • Simon Henderson
  • David Makovsky
Brief Analysis
When the UAE Says “No” to Israeli Annexation, What Does It Mean?
Washington should urgently heed Abu Dhabi’s warning—not only because it comes from such a close U.S.-Israeli partner, but also because of the major regional fallout it heralds if unilateral annexations proceed in the West Bank.
Sep 9, 2025
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  • Ghaith al-Omari
  • Neomi Neumann
A student protester holds a sign reading "Globalize the Intifada" at Columbia University in New York City - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
With No Easy Fixes for Middle East Studies, It’s Time for New Programs
Existing programs are plagued by a broken tenure system, suspect foreign donors, Hamas apologists, and other ailments, but new programs at up-and-coming universities can help the field return to practical, non-ideological scholarship and respect for civil discourse.
Aug 25, 2025
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  • Robert Satloff
UN peacekeepers affiliated with UNIFIL are pictured along the Israel-Lebanon border - source: Reuters
Video
Brief Analysis
The Future of UNIFIL and Hezbollah Disarmament
Former Israeli and Lebanese military officials discuss whether the UN force can play any effective role in the urgent tasks of expanding Beirut’s sovereignty and disarming Hezbollah.
Aug 18, 2025
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  • Khalil Helou
  • Sarit Zehavi
  • Assaf Orion
Articles & Testimony
Make Hamas Face a Choice
Netanyahu’s call to take over Gaza City and separate civilians from Hamas seems like a nonstarter in practical terms, but Israel could play on the group’s fear of being put back in charge of a shattered territory.
August 2025
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  • Ehud Yaari
Articles & Testimony
The Twisted Logic Behind Recognition of Palestinian Statehood
France, Britain, and Canada have been paving (separate) roads to nowhere with their recent statehood push, underscoring the profound gap between declaring a historic policy objective and defining a strategy to actually achieve it—ironically, the same gap Israel has fallen into since October 7.
Aug 14, 2025
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  • Robert Satloff
Montage within Saudi Arabia map, including Muhammad bin Salman, Ahmed al-Sharaa, Trump, others.
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
Saudi Public Opinion in a Changing Middle East:
Great Powers, the Gaza War, Pathways for the Kingdom
China and Russia get higher marks than the United States, and Israel normalization is on hold—but respondents view Hamas negatively, want Arab involvement in the peace process, and increasingly support moderate interpretations of Islam.
Aug 13, 2025
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  • Catherine Cleveland

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Supported by the

Koret Project on Arab-Israel Relations

Through moments of hope and challenge in the Middle East diplomacy, The Washington Institute's Koret Project on Arab-Israel Relations is committed to providing America's policymakers with timely analysis on issues of critical concern to Israel and its Arab neighbors.

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Featured experts

Ghaith al-Omari
Ghaith al-Omari
Ghaith al-Omari is the Rosalinde and Arthur Gilbert Foundation Senior Fellow in The Washington Institute's Irwin Levy Family Program on the U.S.-Israel Strategic Relationship.
David Makovsky
David Makovsky
David Makovsky is the Ziegler Distinguished Fellow at The Washington Institute and director of the Koret Project on Arab-Israel Relations.
Ambassador Dennis Ross
Dennis Ross
Dennis Ross, a former special assistant to President Barack Obama, is the counselor and William Davidson Distinguished Fellow at The Washington Institute.
Ehud Yaari
Ehud Yaari is the Lafer International Fellow at The Washington Institute.
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