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Arab-Israeli Relations

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An Israeli flag is projected on the Eiffel Tower in Paris in response to the Hamas terror attacks on Israel in October 2023 - source: Reuters
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
International Reactions to the Hamas Attack on Israel
At least forty-four nations have condemned Hamas and decried its tactics as terrorism, but regional players such as Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Syria, and Iraq have pinned responsibility on Israel.
Oct 11, 2023
◆
  • Cleary Waldo
  • Gabriel Epstein
  • Sydney Hilbush
  • Aaron Y. Zelin
◆ Tracking International Reactions to the Hamas-Israel War
Israeli Iron Dome missiles intercept rockets fired into Israel from Gaza by Hamas in October 2023 - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
A Minefield of Critical Questions Remains After Hamas’s Stunning Attack on Israel
As the IDF deals with residual infiltrators in the south, it is already clear that the lessons of the surprise 1973 war need updating.
Oct 9, 2023
◆
  • Simon Henderson
Egyptian President Sadat meets with generals during the 1973 October War.
Video
Brief Analysis
Implications of the October War: From Warfighting to Peacemaking
In the opening panel of a special three-day anniversary event, experts and former officials from Egypt, Israel, and the United States discussed the conflict’s enduring lessons for peacemaking and statesmanship today.
Oct 5, 2023
◆
  • Mohamed Anwar E. al-Sadat
  • David Makovsky
  • Efraim Halevy
  • Abdel Monem Said Aly
  • Martin Indyk
◆ The October 1973 War Redux
Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir meets with U.S. President Richard Nixon and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger at the White House in 1973. Source: Library of Congress
Articles & Testimony
Miscalculations and Legacies: A Look Back at the 1973 War Half a Century On
Historians continue to debate “what if” scenarios about the pivotal conflict that reshaped the Middle East.
Fall 2023
◆
  • David Makovsky
◆ The October 1973 War Redux
A Palestinian woman walks by a mural in Bethlehem
Articles & Testimony
Peace With Saudi Arabia Is Transformative But Requires Choices
Riyadh understands that immediate Palestinian statehood is not an option, but it still needs Israel to take steps that demonstrably improve daily life in the West Bank and curtail settlement growth.
Oct 4, 2023
◆
  • Dennis Ross
Oslo at 30 Series Logo
In-Depth Reports
Oslo at 30: Personal Perspectives from Washington Institute Scholars
A Compendium
This remarkable compendium marks the thirtieth anniversary of the landmark Oslo I accords and includes personal perspectives from former diplomats, analysis of public opinion among Israelis and Palestinians, and policy recommendations for U.S. officials.
Sep 29, 2023
◆
  • Dennis Ross
  • David Makovsky
  • Neomi Neumann
  • Ghaith al-Omari
  • Mohammed Dajani
  • Nickolay Mladenov
  • Zohar Palti
  • Catherine Cleveland
◆ Oslo at 30
The flag of the IAEA
Brief Analysis
Saudi Arabia Signals It Will Accept Stricter Nuclear Inspections
Official statements at the latest IAEA meeting are effectively a concession in the kingdom’s negotiating stance on normalization with Israel.
Sep 26, 2023
◆
  • Simon Henderson
Video
Brief Analysis
The October 1973 War Redux: Lessons for Today’s Middle East Policy Challenges
Watch a week-long series of expert webcasts exploring the origins and lasting impact of the October 1973 war.
October 3-5, 2023
◆ The October 1973 War Redux
President Joe Biden arrives in Saudi Arabia in July 2022
Brief Analysis
Israel Normalization Negotiations and the U.S.-Saudi Defense Relationship
In discussing a potential deal with Israel, Riyadh is pressing Washington for expedited access to more advanced U.S. weaponry.
Sep 25, 2023
◆
  • Grant Rumley
President Joe Biden and Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu meet at the United Nations in New York in September 2023 - source: Prime Minister's Office
Brief Analysis
Saudi Dealmaking to Top Biden and Netanyahu’s New York Agenda
The long-delayed meeting should clarify the contours and possible requirements for normalization with Riyadh, though Israel’s ongoing domestic turmoil and policy toward the Palestinians may necessitate some difficult political choices.
Sep 19, 2023
◆
  • David Makovsky
Saudi flag
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
A Third of Saudis Want Business With Israel Now, Even Without Formal Ties; “Muslim Rights” Top List of Public’s Terms for Full Normalization
A unique new public opinion poll from Saudi Arabia sheds light on popular attitudes there toward a potential deal to “normalize” relations with Israel.
Sep 18, 2023
◆
  • David Pollock
Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin in 1993 - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
An Inside Look at Rabin’s Oslo Expectations
A previously classified cabinet transcript reveals a mix of shrewd judgments, prophetic concerns, and miscalculations by the late prime minister.
Sep 15, 2023
◆
  • David Makovsky
◆ Oslo at 30
Bread vendor outside the Old City of Jerusalem
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
New Polling and the Legacy of the Oslo Accords
When examining the legacy of the Oslo Accords, one clear outcome is the way in which diplomatic breakthroughs—along with their failures—have deeply shaped public attitudes towards the conflict. Thirty years later, fresh polls emphasize the deep erosion of trust and support for the two-state solution in Palestinian (along with Israeli) society, but a lingering hunger for some kind of breakthrough.
Sep 14, 2023
◆
  • Catherine Cleveland
◆ Oslo at 30
Signature page of the Oslo II Accords agreement - source: U.S. Government
Video
Brief Analysis
Oslo at 30: Looking Back and Ahead
A panel of former Israeli, Palestinian, and U.S. officials discuss the legacy and future of the Oslo Accords as a framework for achieving Israeli-Palestinian peace.
Sep 12, 2023
◆
  • Neomi Neumann
  • Ghaith al-Omari
  • Dennis Ross
  • David Makovsky
◆ Oslo at 30
Pedestrians near Manara Circle, downtown Ramallah
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Support for Mass Protest on the Rise in Gaza and the West Bank
As rival Palestinian factions clash in Lebanon’s Ain al-Hilweh camp and Hamas-backed militants capture UNRWA schools, new polls indicate that public frustration in Gaza and the West Bank has grown to the point where many would back popular protests.
Sep 11, 2023
◆
  • Catherine Cleveland
Nobel Peace Prize Ceremony
Articles & Testimony
30 Years Later, the Oslo Vision Can Still Be Revived
Leadership dynamics make a two-state breakthrough impossible at the moment, but an Israeli-Saudi accord could help—so long as everyone honestly acknowledges what the situation would be like without Oslo.
Sep 11, 2023
◆
  • Dennis Ross
  • David Makovsky
◆ Oslo at 30
IDF in Hebron
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
The Implications of the Second Intifada on Israeli Views of Oslo
The sense of helplessness that deepened during the course of the intifada was also accompanied by the need to find a source of the blame. In the eyes of the Israeli public, that blame was placed squarely on Palestinian leadership.
Sep 8, 2023
◆
  • Zohar Palti
◆ Oslo at 30
Al-Manara Square Ramallah
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
The Palestinian Authority, a Flawed but Necessary Legacy of Oslo
While insufficient, a collapse of the Oslo edifice would come with a hefty price for the Palestinians, not only as individuals but also as a people seeking self-determination.
Sep 7, 2023
◆
  • Ghaith al-Omari
◆ Oslo at 30
Meeting between Arafat and Rabin
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Beyond Oslo: Reflections on Peace, Promise, and Possibility
A personal journey through peace, politics, and the legacy of the Accords
Sep 7, 2023
◆
  • Nickolay Mladenov
◆ Oslo at 30
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Oslo at 30-A Personal Perspective
The Oslo Accords were seriously flawed but now must be preserved. Some of the mistakes can probably be fixed over time to make sure the historic agreement does not remain a breakthrough into a dead end, but instead paves the way towards a stable compromise between Israel and the Palestinians.
Sep 5, 2023
◆
  • Ehud Yaari
◆ Oslo at 30

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Supported by the

Koret Project on Arab-Israel Relations

Through moments of hope and challenge in the Middle East diplomacy, The Washington Institute's Koret Project on Arab-Israel Relations is committed to providing America's policymakers with timely analysis on issues of critical concern to Israel and its Arab neighbors.

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Featured experts

Ghaith al-Omari
Ghaith al-Omari
Ghaith al-Omari is the Rosalinde and Arthur Gilbert Foundation Senior Fellow in The Washington Institute's Irwin Levy Family Program on the U.S.-Israel Strategic Relationship.
David Makovsky
David Makovsky
David Makovsky is the Ziegler Distinguished Fellow at The Washington Institute and director of the Koret Project on Arab-Israel Relations.
Ambassador Dennis Ross
Dennis Ross
Dennis Ross, a former special assistant to President Barack Obama, is the counselor and William Davidson Distinguished Fellow at The Washington Institute.
Ehud Yaari
Ehud Yaari is the Lafer International Fellow at The Washington Institute.
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