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Peace Process

Policy Analysis on Peace Process

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Articles & Testimony
Make Hamas Face a Choice
Netanyahu’s call to take over Gaza City and separate civilians from Hamas seems like a nonstarter in practical terms, but Israel could play on the group’s fear of being put back in charge of a shattered territory.
August 2025
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  • Ehud Yaari
Articles & Testimony
The Twisted Logic Behind Recognition of Palestinian Statehood
France, Britain, and Canada have been paving (separate) roads to nowhere with their recent statehood push, underscoring the profound gap between declaring a historic policy objective and defining a strategy to actually achieve it—ironically, the same gap Israel has fallen into since October 7.
Aug 14, 2025
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  • Robert Satloff
Brief Analysis
How “Day After” Governance of Gaza Can Draw from Existing Plans
NGOs and foreign officials have already outlined many of the most crucial transitional governance and security issues that will arise during and after Israel’s eventual withdrawal—and all of them will require some degree of oversight and leadership from the Trump administration.
Aug 12, 2025
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  • James Jeffrey
Articles & Testimony
Recognising a Symbolic Palestinian State Will Only Help Israel’s Far Right Block a Real One
Instead of empty gestures, Western leaders could have pressed for a detailed postwar plan for securing Gaza, removing Hamas from power, reforming the PA, and laying real foundations for future statehood.
Aug 11, 2025
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  • Dennis Ross
Traffic passes the Israeli settlement of Efrat in the West Bank
Brief Analysis
Israel’s West Bank “Pincer” Is Squeezing the Palestinians
Israel’s conduct toward the West Bank—which has lately operated top-down and bottom-up like a pincer—could wind up triggering wider outbreaks of violence, preventing expansion of the Abraham Accords, and undermining Jerusalem's traditional bases of support internationally.
Jul 25, 2025
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  • Neomi Neumann
Articles & Testimony
Hamas at a Crossroads
The rudderless group is drifting between those who argue for cutting its losses and those who believe it can still hold onto power in Gaza by playing the hostage card well and securing patchwork assistance from abroad.
July 2025
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  • Ehud Yaari
Photo of Ehud Barak, Bill Clinton, and Yasser Arafat at Camp David, July 2000.
Articles & Testimony
Israel Has Its Best Chance for Peace in 25 Years
After seeing President Clinton’s chance at a deal slip away, America’s former top peace envoy explains how Trump has a wide—but brief—window to press Arab and Israeli leaders on resolving the Gaza conflict and other regional issues.
Jul 17, 2025
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  • Dennis Ross
Photo showing Gaza residents spinning sparklers at the start of Ramadan, March 2025.
Brief Analysis
Israel’s “Tribal” Approach in Gaza: A Short-Term Response to a Long-Term Challenge
Tribal militias in Gaza can offer limited tactical help if they are carefully monitored and managed, but relying on them would just be another way of delaying the more important work of formulating postwar political arrangements.
Jul 15, 2025
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  • Neomi Neumann
Israeli prime minister Binyamin Netanyaho speaks at an annual memorial for David Ben-Gurion in 2018 - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
Netanyahu’s Legacy Won’t Be Made on the Battlefield Alone
The prime minister has shown historic military resolve, but political courage must come next.
Jul 6, 2025
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  • Dennis Ross
Brief Analysis
An Opportunity Not to Be Missed: Agenda for the Trump-Netanyahu Meeting
The two leaders should focus on articulating a vision for a diplomatic agreement with Iran, sketching a common roadmap on Gaza, setting the stage for further Arab-Israeli normalization, and updating the parameters of bilateral strategic cooperation for a new regional reality.
Jul 3, 2025
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  • Dana Stroul
  • Robert Satloff
Brief Analysis
Accelerating Israeli-Palestinian Diplomacy After the Iran War
Although international frustrations over the Gaza war were briefly placed on the back burner during the Iran crisis, they are boiling over once again and may spoil Washington’s postwar plans if left untended.
Jul 2, 2025
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  • Ghaith al-Omari
Articles & Testimony
U.S. Ambiguity Shouldn’t Stop Work on a Two-State Solution
Despite the Iran-Israel showdown, if European and Arab states prove they are willing to do the diplomatic and financial heavy lifting required for progress with the Palestinians, the reticent Trump administration might be encouraged to engage.
Jun 13, 2025
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  • David Schenker
Brief Analysis
While Other Countries Push for a Palestinian State, Israel Is Increasing Its West Bank Presence
Dramatic changes have been taking place in the West Bank, driven mainly by Israeli actions that have reduced terrorism but are simultaneously striving to prevent the establishment of a Palestinian state.
Jun 6, 2025
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  • Neomi Neumann
A police officer loyal to the Palestinian Authority stands guard on a wall at PA headquarters in Ramallah in 2007 - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
The Twilight of Palestinian “Armed Struggle”?
Militant groups are under growing pressure, and large-scale armed struggle seems far-fetched, yet it remains unclear if Palestinians are finally ready to give up their old battle cry.
June 2025
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  • Ehud Yaari
An IDF tank flies the Israeli flag while on operation inside Gaza in 2025 - source: IDF
Articles & Testimony
Israel’s Dangerous Escalation in Gaza
The IDF’s former head of strategic planning describes how politics and ideology are sidelining national security and creating a forever war.
Jun 3, 2025
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  • Assaf Orion
President Donald Trump meeting with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
Will Trump Dump Netanyahu? Here's When Israel Will Find Out
A ten-year memorandum of understanding lapses during the president’s term, and he will have to decide whether negotiating a new deal serves American interests.
May 26, 2025
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  • Dennis Ross
Smoke from an explosion across the Israeli border in Gaza, May 2025.
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
Assessing the Gaza Death Toll After Eighteen Months of War
Health officials have compiled a largely comprehensive list, but questions remain about the Gaza ministry’s opaque revision process and vetting of family reports—along with unknown deaths and missing persons.
May 21, 2025
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  • Gabriel Epstein
A masked Hamas fighter brandishes a rifle in Gaza - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Deporting Hamas’s Top Brass: A Path to Ending the War in Gaza
Although Hamas is still unwilling to discuss full disarmament, granting safe passage to hundreds of commanders could have similar effects on the ground while enabling the parties to end the fighting and reach a viable “day after” agreement.
May 20, 2025
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  • Ehud Yaari
Brief Analysis
Will Israel’s New “Chariots” Plan Trample or Strengthen Hamas?
Israel sees its next operation in Gaza as a means to decisively damage Hamas’s military and governance capabilities while freeing the rest of the hostages, but the plan might also produce a lengthy occupation and expanded guerrilla warfare.
May 14, 2025
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  • Neomi Neumann
President Donald Trump meeting with King Salman in Saudi Arabia in 2017 - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
President Trump’s High-Stakes Gulf Trip Requires More Than Good Business
The president is expected to focus on big investment deals and arms sales during his Gulf tour, but he also needs to address some urgent security issues if he wants to come home with a win.
May 8, 2025
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  • Elizabeth Dent
  • Simon Henderson

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Supported by the

Koret Project on Arab-Israel Relations

Through moments of hope and challenge in the Middle East diplomacy, The Washington Institute's Koret Project on Arab-Israel Relations is committed to providing America's policymakers with timely analysis on issues of critical concern to Israel and its Arab neighbors.

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Featured experts

Ghaith al-Omari
Ghaith al-Omari
Ghaith al-Omari is the Rosalinde and Arthur Gilbert Foundation Senior Fellow in The Washington Institute's Irwin Levy Family Program on the U.S.-Israel Strategic Relationship.
David Makovsky
David Makovsky
David Makovsky is the Ziegler Distinguished Fellow at The Washington Institute and director of the Koret Project on Arab-Israel Relations.
Ambassador Dennis Ross
Dennis Ross
Dennis Ross, a former special assistant to President Barack Obama, is the counselor and William Davidson Distinguished Fellow at The Washington Institute.
Ehud Yaari
Ehud Yaari is the Lafer International Fellow at The Washington Institute.
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