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Israel

Policy Analysis on Israel

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A view of a Palestinian neighborhood reduced to rubble in Gaza - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
Criticizing Trump Isn’t Enough. Arab Leaders Need a Counterproposal
Moving forward with an alternative Gaza plan may not be the president’s first choice, but he could at least take credit for getting Arab states to take action.
Feb 6, 2025
◆
  • Dennis Ross
Video
Brief Analysis
Netanyahu Visits Washington: Implications for Regional Diplomacy and Security
Israeli and U.S. experts discuss the agenda for the prime minister’s latest U.S. trip and the regional fallout from President Trump’s highly controversial ideas on “relocating” Gaza’s population.
Feb 5, 2025
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  • Mira Resnick
  • Amos Harel
  • David Makovsky
Aerial view of the site of an Israeli-Hamas prisoner-hostage swap in Gaza in January 2025 - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
The Path to a Transformed Middle East: How to Keep the Peace in Gaza While Countering Iran
Very close allied coordination will be needed to strike the right balance between pursuing viable nuclear diplomacy and giving Israel the weapons and support it needs to use force against Iran if necessary.
Feb 3, 2025
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  • Dennis Ross
  • David Makovsky
Brief Analysis
From October 7 to the Gaza Ceasefire: A Changed Middle East Awaits the Trump Administration
Important strategic changes abound in the region, but policymakers should take care not to underestimate the persistence of old challenges or the potential emergence of new threats.
Jan 31, 2025
◆
  • Neomi Neumann
Cover for Iran Transition Note, with images of a pen with U.S. flag, a B-52 bomber, nuclear symbols, and Iranian flag + map.
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
Policy Steps to Prevent a Nuclear Iran
Rather than choosing between diplomacy and military action, the Trump administration should think of these options as mutually supportive, sequencing its actions in hopes of achieving the best and least costly outcome.
Jan 28, 2025
◆
  • Michael Singh
◆ Transition Notes 2025
Map released as part of the November 2024 Israel-Lebanon ceasefire.
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
So Far So Good? The Israel-Lebanon Ceasefire Is Largely Holding
The agreement’s implementation phase is going surprisingly well and has been extended, but maintaining the ceasefire will require officials to resolve the issues in dispute and address Hezbollah’s threats.
Jan 28, 2025
◆
  • Assaf Orion
A damaged UNRWA building in Gaza City.
Brief Analysis
Brinkmanship Over Israel’s Ban on UNRWA
Rather than using the months since the passage of new laws as an opportunity to agree on a more gradual implementation plan and identify alternatives to the controversial relief agency, the parties have simply dug in their heels.
Jan 28, 2025
◆
  • David Makovsky
A Houthi helicopter approaches a civilian cargo ship in the Red Sea in 2023 - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Despite the Houthi Pledge to Limit Attacks, the Red Sea Remains Highly Volatile
The Houthis have shown little willingness or ability to accurately distinguish between the ships they target, leaving Washington and its partners with no choice but to doubt the group’s supposed “ceasefire” and keep up the pressure.
Jan 27, 2025
◆
  • Noam Raydan
  • Farzin Nadimi
Articles & Testimony
Hamas May Be Cheering, But It Is Writhing in Pain
All the talk of Hamas emerging from the war with the upper hand contradicts the realities on the ground, where the group has lost its military capabilities, has no hope of substantial outside help, and has failed to ignite the West Bank.
Jan 26, 2025
◆
  • Ehud Yaari
Brief Analysis
Opening the Floodgates: The Gaza Deal and Trump’s Presidency
The ceasefire is already shaking up Israel’s politics and high command; prompt, well-coordinated action with Washington could help counter threats on several external fronts as well.
Jan 24, 2025
◆
  • Assaf Orion
A photo of Palestinians watching President Biden's announcement of the Gaza ceasefire deal, January 2025.
Video
Brief Analysis
Gaza Ceasefire: Implications for Israel, Hamas, and U.S. Policy
Former Israeli and U.S. officials discuss the deal’s timing, provisions, and near-term prospects, outlining the Trump administration’s practical options for advancing peace in Gaza and beyond.
Jan 22, 2025
◆
  • Dennis Ross
  • Matthew Levitt
  • Neomi Neumann
A Palestinian views a building reduced to rubble in Gaza - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
What the Israel-Hamas Ceasefire in Gaza Means for the Middle East
Netanyahu likely wanted to start off on a good foot with Trump—not just out of fear, but because Israel has its eyes on a much wider allied agenda in the region.
Jan 17, 2025
◆
  • David Makovsky
A police officer loyal to the Palestinian Authority stands guard on a wall at PA headquarters in Ramallah in 2007 - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
PA Reform Is Key to West Bank Stability—and Possible Rule in Gaza
Although the Palestinian Authority’s increased governance activities may not indicate deep change, they could help stabilize the security situation in the West Bank and, perhaps, pave the way for PA rule in postwar Gaza.
Jan 17, 2025
◆
  • Neomi Neumann
Brief Analysis
Replacing UNRWA Is an Opportunity Trump Should Not Miss
The incoming U.S. administration has no intention of strong-arming Israel into working with such a problematic organization, so officials should focus on pressing other UN agencies to take on its job in Gaza—or risk cuts to their own funding.
Jan 15, 2025
◆
  • Robert Satloff
Video
Brief Analysis
Lebanon Ceasefire: Status and Prospects of the Israel-Hezbollah Truce
Watch or read remarks from a former LAF general, the IDF’s former head of strategic planning, and an expert Lebanon analyst during a new series of virtual panels held by The Washington Institute.
Jan 13, 2025
◆
  • Khalil Helou
  • Tal Kelman
  • Hanin Ghaddar
Articles & Testimony
The Current and Future Houthi Threat to the Middle East
An effective response to the group's persistent aggression should include strengthening the United Nations verification and inspection mechanism, preparing sanctions against actors who violate UN resolutions, and taking steps to interdict arms transfers.
Dec 29, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
An Iraqi member of a Shia PMF militia
Articles & Testimony
While Israel Now Wants to Go After Iraqi Militias, Trump May Not
The Hashd may already be deterred somewhat by recent events, but Trump will likely seek to maintain the pressure by withholding annual military assistance to Baghdad.
Dec 23, 2024
◆
  • David Schenker
An Iranian soldier wearing an IRGC uniform salutes in front of an Iranin flag - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Two “Axes” Converging in Iran
Iran’s Middle East “axis of resistance” and the Eurasian axis it shares with China, Russia, and North Korea are increasingly challenging the global and regional order, highlighting the need for more partnerships and a comprehensive counterstrategy with special efforts focusing on Tehran.
Dec 23, 2024
◆
  • Assaf Orion
Brief Analysis
Israel and the Fall of Assad: Rejoice, Repel, Reach Out, Reload
Prompt military action is helping Israel counter the immediate security risks of Syria’s sudden upheaval, but additional efforts will be needed to seize the broader opportunities of this new era.
Dec 18, 2024
◆
  • Assaf Orion
Security forces the Iraqi-Syrian border, after it has been reopened for trade and travel, in Al Qaim, Iraq in 2019 - source: Reuters
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Nujaba Projects Paranoia Over Domestic Security
Nujaba's immediate allergic reaction to regime change in Syria is a bellwether of how vulnerable Coordination Framework militias feel as pro-Iran hierarchies come tumbling down.
Dec 16, 2024
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Ameer al-Kaabi
◆ Militia Spotlight

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Featured experts

David Makovsky
David Makovsky
David Makovsky is the Ziegler Distinguished Fellow at The Washington Institute and director of the Koret Project on Arab-Israel Relations.
Ambassador Dennis Ross
Dennis Ross
Dennis Ross, a former special assistant to President Barack Obama, is the counselor and William Davidson Distinguished Fellow at The Washington Institute.
Ehud Yaari
Ehud Yaari is the Lafer International Fellow at The Washington Institute.
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