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Democracy & Reform

Policy Analysis on Democracy & Reform

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Articles & Testimony
Theology in Foreign Policy: ISIS in Context
An exclusively hard-power approach to stopping ISIS could embolden its followers, while soft power alone is no match for the group's theological pull, so the U.S. government will need to look more closely at how its strategies are interpreted abroad.
Mar 29, 2016
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  • Jacob Olidort
Articles & Testimony
Is Turkey Coming in from the Cold in Europe?
Ankara may have scaled back its grand ambitions in the Middle East, but is the EU ready to hold its nose in dealing with Erdogan's authoritarian administration?
Mar 28, 2016
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  • Soner Cagaptay
Articles & Testimony
My Journey Through Brussels' Terrorist Safe Haven
Police and prevention officers in the Islamist hotbed of Molenbeek are eager to step up their counterradicalization efforts, but they are running short on resources and time.
Mar 27, 2016
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  • Matthew Levitt
Brief Analysis
Egypt Renews Its Crackdown on NGOs
By once again targeting foreign-funded NGOs, Sisi's government is reactivating the cycle of recriminations that nearly torpedoed the U.S.-Egypt relationship four years ago.
Mar 24, 2016
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  • Eric Trager
Brief Analysis
Anomalies in Iran's Assembly of Experts Election
Seemingly inflated vote totals and jumbled candidate lists raise questions about the transparency of the government's official election results and turnout estimates.
Mar 22, 2016
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  • Patrick Schmidt
Iran's Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei delivers public remarks.
Brief Analysis
Khamenei Intensifies His Anti-Americanism to Weaken President Rouhani
The Supreme Leader used his Nowruz address to launch a strong attack on the United States and make Rouhani the scapegoat for continued American pressure, which augurs poorly for U.S.-Iranian cooperation.
Mar 21, 2016
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  • Mehdi Khalaji
Articles & Testimony
Does Russia's Faux Withdrawal Mean a New Crisis Is Coming?
Putin's regime is less stable than meets the eye, and Russia's future remains uncertain.
Mar 19, 2016
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  • Anna Borshchevskaya
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
The Egyptian Media, the Conflict of Agencies, and the President
Despite the wave of derision and mockery in response to Egyptian president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi’s latest discourse, the president appears determined to send a message of forbearance towards those who view him with fear and apprehension. He repeatedly delivered this message: referring to the office of the presidency, he stated
Mar 18, 2016
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  • Maged Atef
Brief Analysis
Using International Financial Aid to Improve Baghdad-KRG Relations
Planned financial aid packages can help prevent economic meltdown in Iraqi Kurdistan and reduce tensions between Baghdad and Erbil.
Mar 15, 2016
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  • Michael Knights
Brief Analysis
What Does It Mean To Be a Reformist in Iran?
An unprecedented combination of regional turmoil, international pressure, and authoritarian machinations have coopted the reformist movement, leading many Iranians to view the current regime as Iran's only means of survival.
Mar 10, 2016
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  • Mehdi Khalaji
Brief Analysis
Reformists Apply the 'Lesser Evil' Theory to Iran's Elections
With most of their favorite candidates disqualified, the reformists embraced politicians who were little different from the hardline incumbents, raising questions about their claims of victory.
Mar 9, 2016
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  • Mehdi Khalaji
In-Depth Reports
Lebanon's [Un]Civil Society
This contribution, the fifth in a series exploring prospects for political reform throughout the Middle East, considers the strengths and limitations of Lebanon’s robust civil society.
Mar 4, 2016
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  • David Schenker
Brief Analysis
Third Time the Charm for Reform in Iran?
Tehran has a history of showing hints of reform to hopeful citizens and Western observers only to snatch them away in the end.
Mar 4, 2016
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  • Patrick Clawson
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
The Future of the Iraqi Ba'ath Party
March 3, 2016 Could one of Iraq’s most notorious political parties make a comeback after thirteen years in exile? This may increasingly become a central question for Middle East analysts, as Ba’athists are claiming their sociopolitical platform of supporting pan-Arab causes defused sectarianism and united Iraqis around nationalistic themes. They
Mar 3, 2016
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  • Dani Tahrawi
Multimedia
Brief Analysis
Internet Security and Privacy in the Age of the Islamic State
The View from Facebook
Facebook's head of global policy management, a former federal prosecutor and legal advisor to the State Department, shares her insights into the evolving threats to personal privacy and security and the private sector's role in defending against them.
Mar 2, 2016
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  • Monika Bickert
◆ Counterterrorism Lecture Series
In-Depth Reports
Russia in the Middle East
Motives, Consequences, Prospects
Since becoming president in 2000, Vladimir Putin has reinvigorated Russia's Middle East ties, a trend underscored by his bold military intervention in the Syria crisis. Through these and other regional moves, he has sought to gain ground at the West's expense while bolstering the Kremlin's legitimacy against domestic pressures --
Feb 26, 2016
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  • Anna Borshchevskaya
Brief Analysis
Iran's Melting Factions and Failing Institutions
Given the absence of sharp ideological differences and the growing irrelevance of old political categories, those who win office this week may have little actual influence on important issues such as succession, economics, or the next presidential election.
Feb 26, 2016
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  • Mehdi Khalaji
Articles & Testimony
Iran's Political Landscape -- and What Is Unlikely to Change with Friday's Elections
As in past votes, the candidates have been closely screened, the outcome is expected to uphold the legislature's largely conservative makeup, and the victors will remain largely dependent on military institutions.
Feb 25, 2016
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  • Mehdi Khalaji
Articles & Testimony
The Great Unraveling
As tumultuous as the region's recent struggles have been, they have also exposed opportunities to establish a more multilateral Middle Eastern security architecture via renewed U.S. leadership.
Feb 25, 2016
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  • Michael Singh
"Arab Spring" protest in 2011
Articles & Testimony
Promoting Strong and Inclusive Institutions in the Middle East
The main lesson imparted by the Arab Spring at the five year mark is that toppling dictators does not clear a straight path to democracy. Without establishing strong and inclusive institutions to make democratization sustainable following regime change, civil wars have broken out in Syria, Iraq, Libya, and Yemen, while
Feb 25, 2016
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  • Maurizio Geri

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Supported by the

Project Fikra: Defeating Extremism through the Power of Ideas

Fikra n. [Arabic] "Idea"

The Washington Institute's Project Fikra is a multiyear program of research, publication, and network-building designed to generate policy ideas for promoting positive change and countering the spread of extremism in the Middle East.

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Featured experts

Catherine Cleveland
Catherine Cleveland
Catherine Cleveland is The Washington Institute's Croft-Wagner Family Senior Fellow and managing editor of Fikra Forum.
Ben Fishman
Ben Fishman
Ben Fishman is the Steven D. Levy Senior Fellow in the Linda and Tony Rubin Program on Arab Politics at The Washington Institute, where he focuses on North Africa.
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