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Gulf States

Policy Analysis on Gulf States

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Brief Analysis
Escalating Houthi Offensives in Yemen: U.S. Options
To keep recent rebel victories from cascading into a wider military collapse, Washington must urge the Gulf coalition to firm up the government’s forces and move more quickly on peace talks.
Mar 6, 2020
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  • Alex Almeida
  • Michael Knights
Brief Analysis
IAEA Reports Renew Questions About Iran’s Nuclear Ambitions
U.S. officials have ample grounds to reinvigorate diplomatic pressure after the world’s nuclear watchdog accused Iran of being uncooperative, but they need to focus on the right questions.
Mar 4, 2020
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
Sacked Saudi Energy Minister Returns to Cabinet
Khalid al-Falih’s appointment to a new investment role suggests that the kingdom’s Vision 2030 economic transformation project needs to be reinvigorated.
Feb 26, 2020
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  • Simon Henderson
Articles & Testimony
The Middle East’s Future of Perpetual Pandemics
If outbreaks like the coronavirus shift from ‘black swan’ events to regular occurrences, globalization trends in the region may reverse, with sobering consequences.
Feb 26, 2020
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  • Michael Knights
Brief Analysis
Challenges Await Oman’s New Sultan as Mourning Period Ends
Sultan Haitham will now be free to put his own stamp on the country's government and foreign policy, and a recent dust-up on the Yemeni border could provide the first indicator of his approach.
Feb 20, 2020
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  • Elana DeLozier
Brief Analysis
Arab, Iranian, and Turkish Responses to President Trump’s Impeachment
A survey of how regional media outlets discussed the congressional impeachment process and its potential ramifications on the 2020 presidential election.
Feb 19, 2020
U.S. soldiers at an Iraqi base after a rocket attack by Iran-backed militias
Video
Brief Analysis
U.S. Strategy Toward Iran: Restoring Deterrence, Enabling Diplomacy
Three experts discuss how Washington can manage escalation and catalyze diplomacy while still using its military instruments to apply pressure.
Feb 14, 2020
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  • Michael Eisenstadt
  • Kori Schake
  • David Deptula
Brief Analysis
Death of AQAP Leader Shows the Group’s Fragmentation—and Durability
Although the Yemeni terrorist franchise has splintered and weakened in recent years, its fragments may be adapting to new conflict conditions, raising the risk of a comeback.
Feb 14, 2020
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  • Elisabeth Kendall
Brief Analysis
The UN Exposes Houthi Reliance on Iranian Weapons
In addition to dispelling any lingering notion that last year’s Aramco attack came from Yemen, the report documents Iran’s efforts to help the rebels acquire advanced missiles, weapons components, and training.
Feb 13, 2020
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  • Farzin Nadimi
Brief Analysis
UN Panel Highlights Command-and-Control Issues in Yemen
The latest Panel of Experts report shines a much-needed light on operational control issues that will likely complicate postwar efforts to unify the country’s sundry armed forces.
Feb 7, 2020
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  • Elana DeLozier
Articles & Testimony
Trump Peace Plan Attracts Some Gulf States, But Not Consensus Backing
Bahrain, Oman, and the UAE have evidently decided that good relations with the White House are more important than echoing Palestinian anger or appeasing Iran.
Jan 29, 2020
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
Expediting Evidence of Iranian Attacks: The Aramco Case
Internal components that are common across Iran’s illicit weapons transfers and domestic manufacturing industry can help investigators link the regime to attacks in the region.
Jan 21, 2020
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  • Tim Michetti
Brief Analysis
Making the Most of the Berlin Conference on Libya
If the latest conference is to succeed, the principal actors stoking the civil war must endorse a genuine ceasefire and a return to Libyan internal dialogue.
Jan 17, 2020
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  • Ben Fishman
Articles & Testimony
Death of a Sultan: Oman Matters, So Why Such a Slow U.S. Response?
Regional players will likely be testing Muscat in the next few months, so Washington needs to help ensure continuity between reigns.
Jan 14, 2020
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
Ceasefire or Escalation in Libya?
After the fall of Sirte, Erdogan and Putin’s desired ceasefire can only be achieved with Washington’s support.
Jan 10, 2020
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  • Ben Fishman
Brief Analysis
Eight Reasons Why the United States and Iraq Still Need Each Other
A host of crucial multilateral interests are baked into the U.S. presence, from keeping the Islamic State down, to protecting vulnerable regional allies, to preventing Iran from taking Iraq's oil revenues.
Jan 9, 2020
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  • David Pollock
Articles & Testimony
Fears of 'What's Next?' Will Influence Iran's—and the World's—Reactions
If the United States signals its readiness to do more militarily while also considering compromise, it could spur other governments to apply more effective collective pressure on Tehran.
Jan 6, 2020
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  • Dennis Ross
Articles & Testimony
Iran May Want Revenge for Soleimani, But It May Need Restraint Instead
The incident might convince Khamenei and his advisors that their meddling in the Middle East is jeopardizing the regime’s domestic stability.
Jan 4, 2020
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  • Simon Henderson
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
Oman After Qaboos: A National and Regional Void
Sudden Succession Essay Series
The Gulf nation of Oman has been ruled by Sultan Qaboos since 1970, when he overthrew his own father. The seventy-nine-year-old leader has enjoyed wide popularity, but he has a history of illness. To ensure national stability and continued progress, his successor will have to enact far-reaching economic reforms, aimed especially at broadening the economy beyond its current oil dependence. At the same time, a new sultan will need to navigate challenges posed by powerful neighbors such as Iran, the UAE, and Saudi Arabia.
Dec 30, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
◆ Sudden Succession Essay Series
Articles & Testimony
Saudi Sentences in Khashoggi Murder Will Again Test U.S. Relations
The challenge for the kingdom’s Western allies is how to square Riyadh’s announcement with the CIA and UN conclusion that the crown prince himself sanctioned the crime.
Dec 23, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson

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Supported by the

Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy

The Washington Institute's Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy embodies the Institute's long-term research focus on the conservative Arab Gulf states -- Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the UAE, and Oman -- and the key role these countries play collectively as a primary source of the world's oil and natural gas.

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Featured experts

Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt is the Kahn Senior Fellow and director of The Washington Institute's Military and Security Studies Program.
Simon Henderson
Simon Henderson
Simon Henderson is the Baker Senior Fellow and director of the Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy at The Washington Institute, specializing in energy matters and the conservative Arab states of the Persian Gulf.
Michael Knights
Michael Knights
Michael Knights is the Jill and Jay Bernstein Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute and cofounder of the Militia Spotlight platform, which offers in-depth analysis of developments related to Iran-backed militias.
Elizabeth Dent - source: The Washington Institute
Elizabeth Dent
Elizabeth Dent is a Senior Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, where she focuses on U.S. foreign and defense policy toward the Gulf states, Iraq, and Syria.
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