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Democracy & Reform

Policy Analysis on Democracy & Reform

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A woman casts her ballot in the 2009 Iranian election - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Five Questions for Iran’s Elections
The vote is more interesting for its long-term implications than its immediate results.
Feb 29, 2024
◆
  • Omer Carmi
Army Day military parade, Tehran 2023
Brief Analysis
Elections Expose Iran’s Fading Democratic Pretensions
The latest election cycle offers further proof that the regime is counting on centralization and open repression as its main tools of control, with elected bodies becoming increasingly irrelevant.
Feb 28, 2024
◆
  • Saeid Golkar
Rabee Nadir
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Iraq's "Resistance" Factions Shift to Major Crackdown on Media Spaces
Having stopped “resisting” U.S. forces (who shoot back), militias are focusing on unarmed activists in what appears to be a coordinated crackdown on freedom of expression.
Feb 28, 2024
◆
  • Ameer al-Kaabi
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Palestinian Authority Prime Minister Shtayyeh and President Abbas - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Real PA Reform Requires More Than Just a New Prime Minister
Neither the Palestinian public nor the international donor community will support a PA return to Gaza unless the next cabinet is given room to implement serious security, financial, and political reforms.
Feb 27, 2024
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  • Ghaith al-Omari
Ameri
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Hadi al-Ameri’s Bad(r) Month
The Badr Organization leader has suffered bruising blows from other Iran-backed militias seeking to exploit the group's internal dysfunction and divisions.
Feb 21, 2024
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  • Ameer al-Kaabi
  • Michael Knights
  • Hamdi Malik
◆ Militia Spotlight
Flag of Tunisia
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Tunisia at the Crossroads: What Role for the United States in a Multipolar World?
The United States, in recognizing the limits of its traditional “bloc-building” approach, faces the imperative to adapt to a multipolar reality. Embracing multipolarity as a fundamental principle of its foreign policy could pave the way for more flexible and effective international engagements.
Feb 20, 2024
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  • Ghazi Ben Ahmed
Moroccan Parliament
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Monitoring National Reactions to Human Rights Watch Reports in Morocco
The relationship between Human Rights Watch and Moroccan state institutions has been notably tense recently, likely due to HRW’s assessments of the human rights situation in Morocco, which do not necessarily align with those of the government.
Feb 6, 2024
◆
  • Soufiane Elgoumri
A Palestinian views a building reduced to rubble in Gaza - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
The Road to Peace in Gaza:
A Veteran Negotiator’s Plan
For opportunity to emerge from tragedy, two bridges must be built: one leading from the current situation to the “day after” the war, and a second creating a viable path to a Palestinian state.
Feb 5, 2024
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  • Dennis Ross
PM Sudani
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
What the U.S. Should Demand in a Dialogue with Iraqi PM Sudani
With regard to Sudani’s visit to America, we need to see what the Iraqi PM can achieve before confirming this important invitation. Sudani can be a real prime minister of a real sovereign state if he wants to be, but that will require taking risk.
Feb 1, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
Brief Analysis
Two Tough Scenarios for U.S.-Iraq Relations
Washington’s ever-narrowing Iraq policy has left it with unpalatable choices, but muddling through is a better short-term option than allowing the relationship to rupture.
Feb 1, 2024
◆
  • Bilal Wahab
A sign and mural in Tehran promote the Fatteh missile and threaten Israel with the slogan "400 Seconds to Tel Aviv" - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Tehran Makes Gains, But Concerns Persist About Regime Vulnerability
The regime has been able to drive economic growth, stifle mass protests, and expand its infiltration of neighboring countries, but lingering existential concerns could spur it toward even bolder courses of action—including potential nuclear breakout.
Jan 30, 2024
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  • Patrick Clawson
Kurdish Parliament, Erbil
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Renewing the KRG’s Opposition Parties for 2024 Parliamentary Elections
As the February 2024 elections approach, the quest for a new political era in Iraqi Kurdistan is encountering formidable challenges.
Jan 8, 2024
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  • Renwar Najm
Election workers in Iraq
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
2023 Iraqi Provincial Elections: Analyzing Mosul's Political Landscape
Political results are clearly divided along identity politics, yet intra-communal political rifts are also evident. Despite their growing influence in the area, Shia parties—like other political groups—will need to forge alliances with other factions in order to effectively exert influence and manage the city.
Dec 28, 2023
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  • Sercan Çalışkan
An Iraqi member of a Shia PMF militia
Articles & Testimony
Iraq’s New Regime Change: How Tehran-Backed Terrorist Organizations and Militias Captured the Iraqi State
A comprehensive study of the various institutional, financial, and military levers that have enabled Iran’s “resistance” camp to take over another country even under the international community’s watchful eye.
Dec 2023
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  • Michael Knights
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Crispin Smith
Iraqi politicians Muqtada al-Sadr, Mohammed al-Halbousi, Bafel Talabani, and Masrour Barzani.
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
Family Rule in Iraq and the Challenge to State and Democracy
A handful of personalities have consumed all the country’s political oxygen, dashing hopes for a truly pluralistic ecosystem and requiring creative engagement from U.S. officials.
Dec 19, 2023
◆
  • Sardar Aziz
  • Bilal Wahab
Protesting Syrians in the town of Suwayda hold signs and Druze flags - source: Reuters
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Nonviolent Protest Movement in Suweida Continues to Resurrect Calls from the Syrian Revolution
With each day of nonviolent protest, the people of Suweida province have solidified themselves as a symbol that resonates with Syrians everywhere, whether abroad or within a country that remains split between regime, Iranian, Russian, Turkish, and local faction control.
Dec 18, 2023
◆
  • Ishtar Al Shami
Iraqi citizens at the ballot box
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
The Iraqi Political System’s Legitimacy Problem: Low Expected Turnout for Provincial Elections
Predicted low voter turnout for Iraq’s first provincial elections in a decade signals the lack of popular trust in Iraq for the country’s political system.
Dec 13, 2023
◆
  • Hiwa Abdullah Hussein
Streets of Baghdad
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
The Case of Iraq Underscores the Need for an International Anti-Corruption Court
Given the inability—or unwillingness—of Iraqi institutions to adequately combat corruption, the need for an international entity to step in becomes evident. That is why supporting the global campaign for the creation of an International Anti-Corruption Court (IACC) is necessary in order to hold kleptocrats accountable when national court fails to do so.
Dec 12, 2023
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  • Aram Mahmood
The United States Capitol Building
Articles & Testimony
Addressing the Scourge of Anti-Semitism in Europe
A Hamas expert testifies on how the group, its sympathizers, and a motley array of other factions are taking advantage of the Gaza war to stoke anti-Semitic threats and attacks across the continent.
Dec 12, 2023
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  • Matthew Levitt
Government in Kirkuk, Iraq
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Iraq’s Disputed Territories and the Potential Impact of the Upcoming Provincial Elections
These elections will directly affect the future of the disputed territories, and political parties must be careful to avoid deepening sectarian divides, both in this case and in future elections.
Dec 12, 2023
◆
  • Hiwa Abdullah Hussein

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Project Fikra: Defeating Extremism through the Power of Ideas

Fikra n. [Arabic] "Idea"

The Washington Institute's Project Fikra is a multiyear program of research, publication, and network-building designed to generate policy ideas for promoting positive change and countering the spread of extremism in the Middle East.

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Featured experts

Catherine Cleveland
Catherine Cleveland
Catherine Cleveland is The Washington Institute's Croft-Wagner Family Senior Fellow and managing editor of Fikra Forum.
Ben Fishman
Ben Fishman
Ben Fishman is the Steven D. Levy Senior Fellow in the Linda and Tony Rubin Program on Arab Politics at The Washington Institute, where he focuses on North Africa.
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