انرژی و اقتصاد

Policy Analysis on انرژی و اقتصاد

Will Renewed UN Sanctions Bring Iran Back to the Table?

Reimposing old sanctions may not have much economic impact if China sidesteps them, but Washington could still use the mechanism to pressure Iran on returning to negotiations.

۲۷ اوت ۲۰۲۵

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Patrick Clawson

A utility worker repairs electric transmission lines in the Syria's Idlib province - source: Reuters

Brief Analysis

Maintaining Momentum in Syria’s Energy Sector

New oil, gas, and infrastructure initiatives have continued rolling in since the Trump administration’s removal of sanctions, but they may amount to little in the long term unless more is done to build Syria’s own capacity, tamp down on political tensions, and address bureaucratic confusion.

۱۹ اوت ۲۰۲۵

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Audrey Kost
Andrew J. Tabler

Articles & Testimony

In Tunisia, U.S. Tariffs Will Be Felt Across Many Fronts

For producers, the main concern is not lost revenue or market share but instead damage to relationships they have worked hard to cultivate.

۵ اوت ۲۰۲۵

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Sabina Henneberg

Syrian president Sharaa meets with a delegation of Saudi businessmen in Damascus - source: Reuters

Brief Analysis

Promises of Billions Confirm Saudi Political Support for Syria

The high-level Saudi delegation to a Damascus investment conference indicates Riyadh is betting on President Sharaa.

۴ اوت ۲۰۲۵

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Simon Henderson

Maps & Graphics

Brief Analysis

Militias Strain Credibility by Denying Involvement in Kurdistan Drone Attacks

Kataib Hezbollah and Asaib Ahl al-Haq are improbably trying to distance themselves from drone strikes in northern Iraq, including multiple attacks on U.S. oil investors.

۲۵ ژوئیهٔ ۲۰۲۵

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Hamdi Malik
Michael Knights
Ameer al-Kaabi

◆ Militia Spotlight

Brief Analysis

Bahrain Doubles Down on U.S. Economic Ties

The kingdom’s recent announcement of billions in U.S. investments reflects both a strong commitment to C-SIPA and a wider Gulf alignment with the Trump administration’s foreign policy priorities.

۲۳ ژوئیهٔ ۲۰۲۵

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Elizabeth Dent

A Houthi helicopter approaches a civilian cargo ship in the Red Sea in 2023 - source: Reuters

Maps & Graphics

Brief Analysis

Lethal Attacks Show Strengthened Houthi Control over Red Sea Transit

The latest attacks make clear that the international community must guarantee the freedom and safety of all ships transiting the Red Sea, combining a permanent military mission with assistance from regional countries and private security firms.

۱۶ ژوئیهٔ ۲۰۲۵

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Noam Raydan
Farzin Nadimi

◆ Maritime Spotlight

U.S. flag and Algerian flag; silhouettes of oil rig, migrant families

Maps & Graphics

In-Depth Reports

Strategic U.S. Engagement with Algeria:

A Pathway amid Shifting Global Dynamics

Washington should help Algiers embrace greater openness, both to promote stability in North Africa and to advance U.S. interests like counterterrorism and economic competition with China.

۱۴ ژوئیهٔ ۲۰۲۵

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Sabina Henneberg

Articles & Testimony

Energy Dominance: A Most Confusing Term

In a sector (and region) where conditions can change on a dime, the role of President Trump’s recently established "National Energy Dominance Council" is difficult to define.

۱۳ ژوئیهٔ ۲۰۲۵

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Simon Henderson

Brief Analysis

Now Is Not the Time to Ease Up on Hezbollah—or Beirut

After giving Lebanese officials a much-needed ultimatum for disarming Hezbollah and implementing financial reforms, Washington is now in danger of letting them once again punt these all-important tasks.

۹ ژوئیهٔ ۲۰۲۵

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David Schenker

Photo of an oil facility in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

Brief Analysis

Redefining and Strengthening the U.S.-Iraq Relationship Through Energy and Security

Iraq is more stable than it has been in decades but still faces enormous security and energy challenges, including the risk of spillover from Iran-Israel hostilities, dependence on unreliable Iranian gas amid untapped domestic opportunities, an untested Syrian government, and the unrelenting Islamic State threat.

۲۷ ژوئن ۲۰۲۵

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Noam Raydan
Devorah Margolin

Video

Brief Analysis

Energy and Economic Implications of the Iran-Israel Conflict

Three experts explore the war’s impact on global energy markets, Iran-Gulf relations, President Trump’s oil price calculations, and more.

۲۷ ژوئن ۲۰۲۵

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Homayoun Falakshahi
Jennifer Gnana
Gregory Brew

Children wave US and UAE flags during President Trump's May 2025 visit to Abu Dhabi - source: Reuters

Brief Analysis

Unpacking Trump’s 2025 Gulf Investment Tour

The president focused his first planned visit to the region on securing trillions of dollars in economic deals, but carrying these projects to completion while ensuring U.S. interests will require close, sustained oversight.

۲۵ ژوئن ۲۰۲۵

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Elizabeth Dent

Brief Analysis

How the Iran-Israel Conflict Is Affecting Gulf Energy and Maritime Security

For regional countries seeking to transform their economies and partner with the United States in areas including AI, the current war poses risks that could reverberate in the global economy.

۲۳ ژوئن ۲۰۲۵

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Noam Raydan

Video

Articles & Testimony

Making Sense of Syria Sanctions: The Syria Breakdown, Part Seven

What does it mean for Damascus, for Washington, and for U.S. partners and allies now that the Trump administration has dismissed fifty years worth of economic sanctions against Syria?

۱۸ ژوئن ۲۰۲۵

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Matthew Levitt

◆ The Syria Breakdown

Chinese and Iraqi flags fly in Beijing during a state visit - source: Reuters

Brief Analysis

Iraq Pledges Nuclear Cooperation with Russia and China

A cabinet minister and senior member of the Iran-backed terrorist organization Asaib Ahl al-Haq recently announced nuclear cooperation deals with two U.S. adversaries.

۱۱ ژوئن ۲۰۲۵

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Michael Knights

Chinese engineers pose in front of a sign announcing a Belt and Road Project construction project - source: China State Engineering Corp (Middle East) LLC

Brief Analysis

Trump’s First Steps on Syria Were Good, But Now He Must Keep China from Taking Advantage

Beijing specializes in exactly the type of infrastructure reconstruction assistance that Syria so urgently needs and may look to exploit any further delays or prohibitions stemming from U.S. export controls.

۹ ژوئن ۲۰۲۵

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Grant Rumley
Aaron Y. Zelin

Brief Analysis

An “Enrichment Consortium” Is No Panacea for the Iran Nuclear Dilemma

The United States should recognize consortia concepts for what they are: face-saving steps rather than cure-alls for the nonproliferation problems created by Iran’s nuclear activities.

۵ ژوئن ۲۰۲۵

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Richard Nephew
Patrick Clawson

A worker monitors panels in a Saudi solar energy field - source: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Articles & Testimony

A New Energy Order in the UAE and Saudi Arabia

The two Gulf states are combining fossil fuel production with ambitions to become low-carbon leaders, and Washington risks getting left behind if it ignores the trend.

۱۹ مهٔ ۲۰۲۵

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Noam Raydan

President Trump arrives in Doha during his May 2025 Gulf trip - source: White House

Video

Articles & Testimony

President Trump's Gulf Trip: A Whirlwind Three Days in the Region

In this final of several daily videos from Washington Institute scholars, Robert Satloff summarizes the economic, diplomatic, and cultural implications of President Trump's May 2025 trip to the Gulf region.

۱۶ مهٔ ۲۰۲۵

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Robert Satloff

◆ President Trump's 2025 Gulf Trip

Supported by the

Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy

The Washington Institute's Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy embodies the Institute's long-term research focus on the conservative Arab Gulf states -- Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the UAE, and Oman -- and the key role these countries play collectively as a primary source of the world's oil and natural gas.

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