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Terrorism

Policy Analysis on Terrorism

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Esmail Qaani with a Fatimiyoun soldier in Syria
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Explaining Apparent Muqawama De-Escalation Since January 28
Since three Americans were killed, the self-styled "resistance" has been almost inactive except for a spate of fake, foiled, and disavowed attacks, pointing to an order from Iran to calm things down.
Feb 7, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Abu Baqr al-Saedi's car, Feb 7, 2024
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Abu Baqr al-Saeedi: Kataib Hezbollah Terrorist, Serving PMF Official
The Kataib Hezbollah leader killed on February 7 in Baghdad was (until now) a living nexus of Kataib Hezbollah, the Popular Mobilization Forces, and the facade group Alwiyat al-Waad al-Haq.
Feb 7, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
  • Hamdi Malik
◆ Militia Spotlight
Liwa al-Tafuf logo
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Profile: Liwa al-Tafuf (13th PMF Brigade)
The brigade belongs to the state-funded Popular Mobilization Forces and is a core member of Kataib Hezbollah’s cluster of militias that facilitate anti-U.S. attacks in Iraq’s Anbar province, eastern Syria, and Jordan.
Feb 3, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight: Profiles
Sabreen claims the reports of drones attack on Harir lies
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
To Resist or Not to Resist: That Is the Muqawama’s Question
After Kataib Hezbollah announced it was suspending attacks on U.S. forces, the self-styled “resistance” became a hot mess of recriminations.
Feb 2, 2024
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  • Ameer al-Kaabi
  • Hamdi Malik
◆ Militia Spotlight
General Abdel Fattah Abdelrahman Burhan
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Iran in Sudan: Fears of a Sudanese Popular Mobilization Forces
Given the ways in which Iranian influence has grown elsewhere in the region, there are fears that the Sudanese army, with its Islamist orientation, will morph into a militia group similar to the Iraqi Popular Mobilization Forces, ultimately exerting Iran’s will in exchange for funding and military support.
Jan 31, 2024
◆
  • Areig Elhag
A masked Hamas fighter brandishes a rifle in Gaza - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
The Only Way to Stop Hamas Is to Stop Iran from Rebuilding It
Tehran may simply revive the group or replace it with another terrorist proxy, so Washington and its partners will need to disrupt the flow of Iranian arms and informal financial support to extremist elements in the West Bank and Gaza.
Jan 31, 2024
◆
  • Michael Singh
  • Matthew Levitt
Brief Analysis
The Islamic State Hits Turkey After Years of Plotting
The latest attack will hopefully be an aberration in Ankara’s otherwise strong record of disrupting terrorist plots at home, though policymakers should not be lulled into complacency given the group’s proven record of evading elimination.
Jan 30, 2024
◆
  • Aaron Y. Zelin
KH
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Kataib Hezbollah Secretary-General Tries to Forestall U.S. Strikes
Abu Hussein has unveiled a dramatic gambit to sidestep Washington's threatened response to the killing of three U.S. soldiers.
Jan 30, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
  • Hamdi Malik
◆ Militia Spotlight
Satellite view of the U.S. military outpost known as Tower 22, in Rukban, Rwaished District, Jordan October 12, 2023 in this handout image. Source - Planet Labs PBC/via Reuters
Articles & Testimony
Deadly Attack on US Troops in Jordan Marks Major Escalation
Biden now has a hard choice to make: push Israel into a Gaza ceasefire or risk sustained Iran-backed escalation in the region.
Jan 29, 2024
◆
  • Andrew J. Tabler
Nawaf al-Bashir (right)
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Profile: Hashemite Tribes Regiment
With support from Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, this regiment aims to create a more cohesive force capable of opposing the U.S.-backed SDF on the eastern banks of Syria's Euphrates River.
Jan 26, 2024
◆
  • Kyle Robertson
  • Abdullah Hayek
◆ Militia Spotlight: Profiles
Destruction from the Israeli strike on Hamas targets at the Jabalia refugee camp, Gaza.
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
How Hamas Manipulates Gaza Fatality Numbers:
Examining the Male Undercount and Other Problems
International media and NGOs have repeated the group's figures without caveats, giving credence to suspicions of Israeli misconduct and fueling accusations of war crimes and even genocide.
Jan 25, 2024
◆
  • Gabriel Epstein
Al-Aqrab
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Can Iraq's Militias Imitate Houthi Successes at Sea?
The senior terrorist figure Abu Ala al-Walai is seemingly answering Iran's call for a maritime blockade on Israel, but is this a real threat or just a desperate effort to claim strategic influence before the Gaza war ends?
Jan 24, 2024
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Articles & Testimony
For All That Changed, Hamas Is Still Hamas
Two decades after a landmark study on the group, it is clear that Hamas leaders never truly strayed from their core principle of prioritizing Israel’s destruction over the well-being of fellow Palestinians.
Jan 22, 2024
◆
  • Matthew Levitt
A Muhandis and Soleimani site in Baghdad
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Badr and Asaib Crack the Whip on Kataib al-Imam Ali in Basra
The group stepped on Badr's toes during a recent commemoration ceremony, giving a window into the local balance of power between Iran-backed militias.
Jan 11, 2024
◆
  • Ameer al-Kaabi
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Photo of a blast wall with a drone mural at al-Asad Air Base in Iraq.
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Kataib Hezbollah Reveals Plans for Expanded Regional Attacks
The militia's Abu Hussein wing continues to throw shade at other "resistance" groups and is now threatening U.S. bases in the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and even Saudi Arabia.
Jan 11, 2024
◆
  • Ameer al-Kaabi
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
A man carries Iranian and Palestinian flags at a pro-Hamas rally in Tehran in October 2023 - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
The “Axis of Resistance” Strategy in the Israel-Hamas War
Tehran has faced few consequences for the wartime actions of its proxies, so the United States and its allies should step up their sanctions and gray-zone operations against the regime.
Jan 9, 2024
◆
  • Ido Levy
Articles & Testimony
How to Keep Hamas From Bouncing Back
Decades ago, Saleh al-Arouri helped the group realize that external support networks were essential to recovering from serious setbacks, and this playbook lives on despite his death.
Jan 9, 2024
◆
  • Matthew Levitt
Iranian military leaders inspect drones.
Brief Analysis
Terrorist Bombings in Iran: Implications and Potential Responses
Although an Islamic State branch claimed the deadly blasts near a restive border zone, Tehran was quick to blame Israel and the United States, promising “severe retaliation” akin to what followed Qasem Soleimani’s death in 2020.
Jan 5, 2024
◆
  • Farzin Nadimi
Quds-2 cruise missile in Babil, Jan 3. 2024
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Iranian-Made Quds-2 Cruise Missile Photographed in Iraq
Recently used in Houthi attacks from Yemen, this missile family could give Iraqi militias the capacity to target sites in Israel if they choose to escalate their campaign of solidarity with Hamas.
Jan 5, 2024
◆
  • Alex Almeida
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
AGM-179 Baghdad Jan 4, 2024 final2
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Who Are Nujaba and Why Did the U.S. Just Strike Them?
The group's cadres are the most reckless of Iran's terrorist proxies in Iraq and have been the proximate cause of almost all recent U.S. strikes.
Jan 4, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight

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Jeanette and Eli Reinhard Program on Counterterrorism and Intelligence

The Washington Institute's Jeanette and Eli Reinhard Program on Counterterrorism and Intelligence serves as Washington's premier center for the study of international terrorism.

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Featured experts

Matthew Levitt
Matthew Levitt
Matthew Levitt is the Fromer-Wexler Senior Fellow and director of the Reinhard Program on Counterterrorism and Intelligence at The Washington Institute.
Devorah Margolin
Devorah Margolin
Devorah Margolin is the Blumenstein-Rosenbloom Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute.
Aaron Zelin
Aaron Y. Zelin
Aaron Y. Zelin is the Gloria and Ken Levy Senior Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy where his research focuses on Sunni Arab jihadi groups in North Africa and Syria as well as the trend of foreign fighting and online jihadism.
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