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Military & Security

Policy Analysis on Military & Security

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Muqawama fighters
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Muqawama Struggle to Show Cohesion on "Withdrawal" of U.S. Forces
A pan-Shia forum and Lebanese Hezbollah prodded the Tansiqiya to grudgingly paper over cracks in solidarity among resistance groups.
Aug 3, 2021
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Iranian military drone aircraft on display.
Articles & Testimony
What’s Worse for the Price of Oil—a Belligerent Iran or a Resurgent COVID?
The latest price lurch was rooted in the pandemic’s impact on China’s economy, not the apparent Iranian strike on an Israeli tanker.
Aug 2, 2021
◆
  • Simon Henderson
Etejah
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Profile: Al-Etejah Satellite Television
A closer look at the "resistance" television channel owned and operated by U.S.-designated terrorist movement Kataib Hezbollah.
Aug 1, 2021
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Crispin Smith
◆ Militia Spotlight: Profiles
Russian soldiers in Syria
Brief Analysis
Iran and Russia Are Exploiting America’s Absence in Northeast Syria
By redeploying their military and proxy forces, boosting Assad’s political campaigns, and resorting to various local intimidation tactics, the two countries are increasingly working together on establishing full control in Deir al-Zour.
Jul 29, 2021
◆
  • Oula A. Alrifai
  • Ali Alleile
Kataib Hezbollah Logo
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
The Muqawama Are Focusing Attack Claims on U.S. Bases in Syria
Iraqi militias have said more about attacking such bases in the past six weeks than they did in preceding years.
Jul 28, 2021
◆
  • Crispin Smith
  • Hamdi Malik
◆ Militia Spotlight
Articles & Testimony
To Deter Iran, Give Israel a Big Bomb
In addition to renegotiating key parts of the JCPOA, expanding Israel’s arsenal is the best way to keep Tehran off the nuclear weapons threshold.
Jul 23, 2021
◆
  • Dennis Ross
NT
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Profile: Al-Nujaba Satellite Television
A U.S.-sanctioned "resistance" channel owned and operated by U.S.-designated terrorist movement Harakat Hezbollah al-Nujaba.
Jul 22, 2021
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
◆ Militia Spotlight: Profiles
Jazira drones
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
The Drones of Kataib Hezbollah's Jazira Command
KH-commanded militia units appear to have exclusive control over Iranian-provided drones, highlighting the group's links to Tehran and its involvement in recent UAV operations.
Jul 20, 2021
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Crispin Smith
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Brief Analysis
Iran Sets Its Eyes on Afghanistan
As it deploys more military forces along the border, Tehran is no doubt mulling various options for securing its interests next door, whether by waging proxy warfare, intervening directly, working with the Taliban, or trying to preserve the status quo.
Jul 19, 2021
◆
  • Farzin Nadimi
Brief Analysis
Managing Middle East Defense Partnerships Amid Great Power Competition
The U.S. government can counter the narrative of withdrawal by disassociating its regional commitment from the number of “boots on the ground,” building longer-term security cooperation plans, and clarifying its CAATSA sanctions policy.
Jul 13, 2021
◆
  • Grant Rumley
  • Kathryn Wheelbarger
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Are the Muqawama Signaling De-Escalation?
Although attacks on U.S. sites have surged, Iraqi militias appear to be laying the groundwork for de-escalation.
Jul 9, 2021
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Crispin Smith
◆ Militia Spotlight
Turkish National Security Council
In-Depth Reports
Deals, Drones, and National Will:
The New Era in Turkish Power Projection
Turkey has recently pushed the PKK fight from its own turf and blunted challenges in northern Syria, Azerbaijan, Libya, and the Gulf, all while strengthening its defense export sector.
Jul 9, 2021
◆
  • Rich Outzen
Liwa Thar al-Muhandis
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Profile: Liwa Thar Muhandis
This older facade brand has been brought out of retirement during the summer surge of Iraqi militia attacks on U.S. targets.
Jul 8, 2021
◆
  • Crispin Smith
◆ Militia Spotlight: Profiles
Rouhani, Putin, Erdogan
In-Depth Reports
Triangular Diplomacy:
Unpacking Russia's Syria Strategy
Moscow has repeatedly played actors off each other to secure its own interests and keep the Assad regime in power.
Jul 7, 2021
◆
  • Anna Borshchevskaya
  • Andrew J. Tabler
Threat to air
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Assessing Militia Threats to Coalition Aircraft
Such threats are almost certainly information operations intended to demonstrate resolve and restrict coalition freedom of movement, not precursors to real attacks that could draw heavy U.S. retaliation.
Jul 6, 2021
◆
  • Crispin Smith
  • Hamdi Malik
◆ Militia Spotlight
Toofan
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Militias Parade Under the PMF Banner (Part 2): Ground Combat Systems
Tehran has bolstered the ground combat capabilities of its proxy militias within the PMF, though the equipment rarely sees combat employment.
Jul 3, 2021
◆
  • Farzin Nadimi
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Mohajer drone
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Militias Parade Under the PMF Banner (Part 1): Drone Systems
Drone systems paraded in Camp Ashraf were a show of strength, including the debut of new types of Iranian-provided airframes and control vehicles.
Jul 3, 2021
◆
  • Farzin Nadimi
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Articles & Testimony
Biden Wants to Leave the Middle East, But He’s in a Vicious Bombing Cycle in Iraq
Caught between aggressive Tehran-backed militias and a skeptical Congress, the administration needs a better approach.
Jul 2, 2021
◆
  • Michael Knights
Brief Analysis
Deterring Militias in Iraq: What Works and What Doesn’t
Striking back one time in twelve will not stop Iranian proxy attacks, so Washington must consider more consistent and painful retaliation in order to protect Americans in the Middle East.
Jun 28, 2021
◆
  • Michael Knights
Figure 1: Rocket and drone attacks on coalition "points of presence".
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Iraq’s Drone and Rocket Epidemic, By the Numbers
Attacks on coalition points of presence are increasing in quantity and quality, making U.S. fatalities increasingly likely unless deterrence is restored.
Jun 27, 2021
◆
  • Michael Knights
  • Crispin Smith
◆ Militia Spotlight

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Supported by the

Military and Security Studies Program

The Washington Institute's Military and Security Studies Program has established itself as an unrivaled source of reliable, incisive, and forward-looking analysis concerning several of the most critical national-security challenges facing the United States today: The U.S. military role in the Middle East, Iran's nuclear program and its proxy armies, the ongoing conflict is in Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, and Yemen, the regional proliferation of missiles and weapons of mass destruction, the security dimensions of the Arab-Israeli conflict, and many other security issues on the frontline of the U.S. policymaking agenda.

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Featured experts

Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt is the Kahn Senior Fellow and director of The Washington Institute's Military and Security Studies Program.
Michael Knights
Michael Knights
Michael Knights is the Jill and Jay Bernstein Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute and cofounder of the Militia Spotlight platform, which offers in-depth analysis of developments related to Iran-backed militias.
Grant Rumley
Grant Rumley
Grant Rumley is the Meisel-Goldberger Senior Fellow and Director of the Diane and Guilford Glazer Foundation Program on Great Power Competition and the Middle East at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy.
Elizabeth Dent - source: The Washington Institute
Elizabeth Dent
Elizabeth Dent is a Senior Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, where she focuses on U.S. foreign and defense policy toward the Gulf states, Iraq, and Syria.
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