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Military & Security

Policy Analysis on Military & Security

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Brief Analysis
Boosting Military Support to Ukraine Can Help Deter Iran
From facilitating a no-fly zone over Ukraine to interdicting Iranian missile transfers, Washington and its allies have various means of answering the latest strategic shift in the war.
Sep 25, 2024
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  • Anna Borshchevskaya
Mohammed Shia al-Sudani and Qais al-Khazali
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
New Exposé on Sudani PMO Eavesdropping Is Suppressed, But Archived Online
A second major report on the political surveillance scandal was quickly muted, in part because it was highly critical of Iranian Qods Force commander Esmail Qaani.
Sep 25, 2024
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  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
KH
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Kataib Hezbollah in the Caucasus: One to Watch
Unconfirmed but detailed reporting on potential Iraqi terrorist cells in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan should be a wake-up call to monitor Kataib Hezbollah's external operations more closely.
Sep 24, 2024
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  • Hamdi Malik
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Men watch as smoke rises after an Israeli bombing of Hezbollah sites in southern Lebanon in September 2024 - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
Israel and Hezbollah Are Escalating Toward Catastrophe
Both sides have major incentives to avoid a wider conflict, but they’ll need help escaping the traps they laid for themselves.
Sep 23, 2024
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  • Dana Stroul
Articles & Testimony
Will Hezbollah Choose to Keep Its Word—or Its Arsenal?
The group must decide between walking back its threat to northern Israel or risking the loss of its advanced missile capabilities, which Iran regards as a crucial insurance policy.
Sep 23, 2024
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  • Hanin Ghaddar
A Hezbollah fighter has his picture taken alongside a mural depicting deceased Hezbollah military leader Ibrahim Aqil at Aquil's funeral in September 2024 - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
The Death of (Another) Hezbollah Lifer
Like his recently killed predecessor, Ibrahim Aqil had a long history of murdering Americans, Europeans, Israelis, Lebanese, and others perceived as obstacles to Hezbollah’s ambitions, and his experience as a military and terrorist commander will be difficult to replace.
Sep 23, 2024
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  • Matthew Levitt
One of the pagers destroyed by remotely triggered explosion in Lebanon on September 17, 2024 - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
How Exploding Pagers Can Lead to Calm Along Israel-Lebanon Border
Washington should push to negotiate limited border understandings now—it makes little sense to open a larger, more catastrophically destructive conflict if the outcome is likely to end up at the same place.
Sep 22, 2024
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  • Robert Satloff
Houthi fighters rally in Sanaa, Yemen
Articles & Testimony
The Houthi Takeover of Yemen Is 10 Years Old. It Must Not Reach 20
The Gulf states were right about the Houthi threat and the West was wrong, so another large-scale confrontation is inevitable.
Sep 21, 2024
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  • Michael Knights
Articles & Testimony
Israel Sends Hezbollah Twin Messages
Israel’s cloak-and-dagger pager ploy was extraordinary, but will it change the group’s calculus?
Sep 21, 2024
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  • Matthew Levitt
Saraya al-Jihad Improved Rocket-Assisted Mortars (IRAMs).
Maps & Graphics
Articles & Testimony
Profile: Saraya al-Jihad
A low-profile Iraqi militia that is deeply linked with Iran's Qods Force and plays important roles in storing advanced conventional weapons provided by Tehran and suppressing Iraqi moderates.
Sep 18, 2024
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  • Sary Mumayiz
  • Abdullah Hayek
  • Ameer al-Kaabi
  • Michael Knights
  • Hamdi Malik
◆ Militia Spotlight: Profiles
PMF Human Rights
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Human Rights Abusers Set Up PMF Department of Human Rights
UN officials should not be holding events hosted by Iraqi militia figures responsible for the deaths of protesters and other gruesome offenses, yet that is precisely what is happening under a new militia "human rights" bureau.
Sep 17, 2024
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  • Ameer al-Kaabi
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
A masked Hamas fighter brandishes a rifle in Gaza - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Hamas Is Weakened, But a Prolonged Guerrilla Conflict Looms
The group maintains significant control over Gaza’s population despite its considerable losses, and removing it from power will necessitate a long campaign that no actor seems willing to undertake.
Sep 12, 2024
◆
  • Ido Levy
U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken meets Bahrain's Crown Prince and Prime Minister, Prince Salman bin Hamad al-Khalifa in Riffa, Bahrain - source: Reuters
Video
Brief Analysis
U.S.-Bahrain Ties One Year After the Strategic Partnership Agreement
Two veteran ambassadors discuss bilateral efforts in the security, economic, and technology sectors, noting the agreement’s potential as a template for other countries in the region.
Sep 11, 2024
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  • Steven C. Bondy
  • Sheikh Abdulla bin Rashid Al Khalifa
President Joe Biden arrives in Saudi Arabia in July 2022
Brief Analysis
U.S.-Saudi Defense Cooperation: Next Steps
Even if an Israeli-Saudi normalization deal proves unattainable for now, Washington and Riyadh should still seek ways to enhance military and defense cooperation in order to advance common interests and prepare for future security challenges.
Sep 10, 2024
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  • Andrew G. Clemmensen
  • Abdullah Hayek
Saraya Talia al-Khurasani (STK) fighters
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Profile: Saraya Talia al-Khurasani
A longstanding partner to Iran's Qods Force and Lebanese Hezbollah, this militia is one of Iraq's most notorious in terms of human rights abuses and rampant criminality.
Sep 6, 2024
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  • Abdullah Hayek
  • Sary Mumayiz
◆ Militia Spotlight: Profiles
Articles & Testimony
How the U.S. Used Arms Sales to Shift Saudi Behavior
Weapons bans have proven to be a fickle tool historically, so why did they work in Riyadh’s case?
Sep 4, 2024
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  • Elizabeth Dent
  • Grant Rumley
Articles & Testimony
Israel Turns Up the Heat on Hezbollah
As the war in Gaza seemingly winds down, the old rules no longer apply in the north.
Aug 29, 2024
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  • David Schenker
The crude oil tanker Sounion burns in the Red Sea after an attack by Houthi forces in Yemen - source: EUNAVFOR
Brief Analysis
Five Lessons from the Sounion Salvage Crisis in the Red Sea
The United States and its partners should take several immediate steps to avoid an environmental disaster, counter the Houthi spin about the incident, and prevent the group from creating other hazmat emergencies in the Red Sea.
Aug 29, 2024
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  • Noam Raydan
Brief Analysis
Another One-Day War? What the Latest Hezbollah-Israel Clash Reveals About Deterrence and Escalation
Israeli and Lebanese experts join two former U.S. officials to discuss what each party was thinking before, during, and after this weekend’s exchange of strikes—and whether war in the north has become inevitable regardless of near-term de-escalation.
Aug 27, 2024
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  • Ben Fishman
  • Hanin Ghaddar
  • Assaf Orion
  • Dennis Ross
A Russia-linked ship on the Red Sea.
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Even After Houthi Attacks, Russia-Linked Tankers Return to Red Sea
The operators are either accepting risk on a vital transport route or else no longer concerned about perceptions about their vessels’ past links to Britain.
Aug 22, 2024
◆
  • Noam Raydan
◆ Maritime Spotlight

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Military and Security Studies Program

The Washington Institute's Military and Security Studies Program has established itself as an unrivaled source of reliable, incisive, and forward-looking analysis concerning several of the most critical national-security challenges facing the United States today: The U.S. military role in the Middle East, Iran's nuclear program and its proxy armies, the ongoing conflict is in Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, and Yemen, the regional proliferation of missiles and weapons of mass destruction, the security dimensions of the Arab-Israeli conflict, and many other security issues on the frontline of the U.S. policymaking agenda.

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Featured experts

Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt is the Kahn Senior Fellow and director of The Washington Institute's Military and Security Studies Program.
Michael Knights
Michael Knights
Michael Knights is the Jill and Jay Bernstein Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute and cofounder of the Militia Spotlight platform, which offers in-depth analysis of developments related to Iran-backed militias.
Grant Rumley
Grant Rumley
Grant Rumley is the Meisel-Goldberger Senior Fellow and Director of the Diane and Guilford Glazer Foundation Program on Great Power Competition and the Middle East at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy.
Elizabeth Dent - source: The Washington Institute
Elizabeth Dent
Elizabeth Dent is a Senior Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, where she focuses on U.S. foreign and defense policy toward the Gulf states, Iraq, and Syria.
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