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Gulf & Energy Policy

Policy Analysis on Gulf & Energy Policy

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Brief Analysis
Energy Watchdog Predicts Big Oil Surplus by 2030
Implied lower prices would weaken economic forecasts for major Middle East oil producers.
Jun 14, 2024
◆
  • Simon Henderson
Kuwait City at sunset.
Brief Analysis
A Kuwaiti Reset?
The new emir’s suspension of parliament, followed by the appointment of a prime minister and crown prince, suggests a different direction for the oil-rich Gulf state.
Jun 7, 2024
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  • Simon Henderson
  • David Schenker
Marshall Islands–flagged bulk carrier Laax (IMO 9512355), which was attacked in the southern Red Sea on May 28, 2024. photo obtained via the X/Twitter account of French forces stationed in the UAE and deployed in the Indian Ocean, https://x.com/FFEAU_ALINDIEN/status/1795837694960189920.
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Behind Houthi Attacks on Ships Operated by Greece-Based Companies
Links to Israel-linked companies, especially in light of the Rafah invasion, are again the culprit.
May 31, 2024
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  • Noam Raydan
  • Farzin Nadimi
◆ Maritime Spotlight
U.S. and Saudi air force officers greet one another during a joint exercise - source: Department of Defense
Brief Analysis
Security Cooperation in a Changed Region: How to Advance the U.S.-GCC Defense Working Groups
From aligning weapons acquisition strategies and improving intelligence sharing to getting the diplomatic framing right, U.S. officials can do more to advance regional air defense and maritime security through this week’s working groups and beyond.
May 21, 2024
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  • Dana Stroul
◆ Risks and Opportunities in the Post-April 13 Middle East
A Houthi propaganda image published by the group's al-Masirah TV network.
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Assessing the Latest Houthi Maritime Threats
Even increased aggressive activity in the Indian Ocean will be unlikely to seriously disrupt maritime traffic and global trade—but vessels calling on Israeli ports will need to take extra precautions.
May 16, 2024
◆
  • Noam Raydan
  • Farzin Nadimi
◆ Maritime Spotlight
Flags of Gulf Cooperation Council countries and Turkey on display in Riyadh
Articles & Testimony
The Arab Approach to Mediation—Reshaping Diplomacy in a Multipolar World
Given their unique cultural concepts and major economic and political clout, the Gulf states are poised to play an even more significant role in future peace and security initiatives.
Spring 2024
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  • Nickolay Mladenov
Yemen's Houthis in formation.
Articles & Testimony
Assessing the Houthi War Effort Since October 2023
An in-depth look at the movement’s current capabilities, military situation inside Yemen, and strategic intentions amid the Gaza war and beyond.
April 2024
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  • Michael Knights
The car carrier Hyperion Ray (IMO 9690559) was struck near Fujairah, UAE, in April 2021. The ship was owned by Israel-based Ray Shipping Ltd when it was attacked. Photo credit: Rick Voice via MarineTraffic.com.
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Pay Attention to Ship Seizures, Not Threats to Close Strait of Hormuz
Low-key actions like seizures can increase regional and global concerns and increase Iran's leverage.
Apr 29, 2024
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  • Noam Raydan
  • Farzin Nadimi
◆ Maritime Spotlight
The container ship Jin Shun He (IMO 9144316) docked at the port of NEOM in Oxagon. Photo credit: Photo credit: @NEOMOxagon, posted on X (formerly Twitter), April 15, 2024, https://x.com/NEOMOxagon/status/1779799779230302424. .
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Amid Red Sea Crisis, Saudi Company Launches North Shipping Service
Riyadh’s aim to become a global logistics hub connecting three continents will face challenges if risks to southern Red Sea shipping persist at their current levels.
Apr 20, 2024
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  • Noam Raydan
  • Farzin Nadimi
◆ Maritime Spotlight
A Houthi fighter aboard the seized cargo vessel Galaxy Leader - source: Houthi media via Reuters
Video
Brief Analysis
Countering the Houthi Threat to Shipping: Regional Implications and U.S. Policy
Three experts address the thorny strategic questions arising from attacks on global shipping by the Yemen-based group.
Feb 6, 2024
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  • Simon Henderson
  • Michael Knights
  • Noam Raydan
Yemen's Houthis in formation.
Articles & Testimony
How Washington Emboldened the Houthis
Greater decisiveness would have shortened the conflict, lessened the toll on global maritime trade, and reassured U.S. partners in the region and beyond.
Feb 6, 2024
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  • Noam Raydan
  • Grant Rumley
Saudi ARAMCO oil storage facility
Brief Analysis
Saudi Arabia’s Shock Cut in Planned Oil Expansion
The decision could lead to further spending reductions in the kingdom.
Feb 5, 2024
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  • Simon Henderson
A video board displays various oil and gas commodity prices in September 2023 - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Why Oil Prices Aren’t Spiking
Prices are set by multiple factors in today’s oil markets, so predicting shocks based on Middle East crises is not a sure bet.
Jan 22, 2024
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  • Simon Henderson
Articles & Testimony
Iran’s Revolutionary Guard Deployed in Yemen
Tehran has previously been able to conduct a “hidden-hand operation” via the Houthis at a very low cost, but that price may now be set to rise if allied counter-strikes continue.
Jan 15, 2024
◆
  • Jay Solomon
Ships of the US Navy's Fifth Fleet on exercise in the Persian Gulf
Articles & Testimony
Will the U.S.-British Strikes Stop the Houthi Attacks on Red Sea Shipping?
The effectiveness of the joint operation is not year clear, but either way it almost certainly wasn’t the concluding episode in Iran’s long-running game of Gulf proxy warfare.
Jan 12, 2024
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  • Simon Henderson
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Rising Pressure on Red Sea Transit
As Houthi attacks continue, more companies are deciding to take costly detours around Africa, increasing the urgency of bolstering local security measures.
Dec 22, 2023
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  • Noam Raydan
Kuwait's then-Crown Prince Meshel al-Ahmad al-Sabah meeting with British Prime Minister Sunak in London in 2023 - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Emir Nawaf’s Passing and the Future Leadership of Kuwait
Geographic location and oil wealth give the sheikhdom significance far exceeding its size and population.
Dec 18, 2023
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
Saudi Arabia Signals Delays for Some Vision 2030 Plans
Squeezed by weak oil prices, Riyadh is acknowledging that some of its economic plans are over-ambitious.
Dec 14, 2023
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  • Simon Henderson
Houthis parade through Sanaa to mark anniversary of coup, September 2023
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
An Heir and a Spare?
How Yemen’s “Southern Hezbollah” Could Change Iran’s Deterrent Calculus
Houthi militant activity during the Hamas-Israel war should challenge the perception that the group has a mere “marriage of convenience” with Tehran.
Dec 12, 2023
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  • Michael Knights
An aerial view of a U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve storage facility near the Gulf coast - source: Department of Energy
Articles & Testimony
Biden’s Oil Purchase Is a Mere Drop in the Strategic Petroleum Reserve
Amid ongoing uncertainty over Gulf shipping attacks and Russian oil diplomacy, the reserve is still running lower than it should.
Dec 12, 2023
◆
  • Simon Henderson

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Supported by the

Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy

The Washington Institute's Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy embodies the Institute's long-term research focus on the conservative Arab Gulf states -- Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the UAE, and Oman -- and the key role these countries play collectively as a primary source of the world's oil and natural gas.

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Featured experts

Patrick Clawson
Patrick Clawson
Patrick Clawson is the Morningstar Senior Fellow and Research Counselor at The Washington Institute.
Simon Henderson
Simon Henderson
Simon Henderson is the Baker Senior Fellow and director of the Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy at The Washington Institute, specializing in energy matters and the conservative Arab states of the Persian Gulf.
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