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Gulf States

Policy Analysis on Gulf States

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Articles & Testimony
The Dilemma of an Imperfect Ally
There are no optimal options in the current Yemen war, but U.S. policymakers should seize the opportunity to bring Gulf governments into NATO-like agreements that avoid such dilemmas in the future.
Jun 20, 2019
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  • Elana DeLozier
Articles & Testimony
The Middle East and the U.S.-China 'Trade War'
The price of oil is often directly related to global economic prospects, so Washington’s tariff tiff with Beijing could hit regional states doubly hard.
Jun 19, 2019
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  • David Pollock
Articles & Testimony
Iran Is Winning, but U.S. Has Options, in Gulf Crisis
Among other steps, Washington should release more intelligence on Tehran’s efforts to target energy assets while urging Gulf and European allies to visibly step up their military posture.
Jun 17, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
China’s Middle East Policy: Speak Softly and Wave a Large Purse
An Israeli analyst shares observations from an intensive round of discussions with senior Chinese military, diplomatic, and academic officials.
Jun 17, 2019
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  • Ehud Yaari
Brief Analysis
Iran Seems Prepared for Major—But Measured—Escalation in the Gulf
The latest round of shipping attacks could be another notch in Tehran’s controlled military response to U.S. pressure, and bolder escalatory actions should be expected given the bleak outlook for negotiations.
Jun 14, 2019
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  • Farzin Nadimi
Brief Analysis
Houthi Messaging May Hint at a Targeting Pattern
The Yemeni group appears to select targets directly inspired by its principal complaints, potentially helping security officials protect against future attacks while negotiators promote overall de-escalation.
Jun 13, 2019
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  • Elana DeLozier
Articles & Testimony
Oil Prices Up on Tanker Attacks, But Long-Term Trend Looks Down
Ultimately, sabotage operations in the Gulf may prove to be less impactful than Russian engagement with OPEC, a global economic slowdown, and other geopolitical factors.
Jun 13, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
The Face-Off Over Gulf Arms Sales: ‘Emergency’ or False Alarm?
As Congress questions whether certain arms sales merit emergency treatment, the White House may have opened a Pandora’s box of long-term consequences for legislative oversight, Gulf relations, and defense profits.
Jun 10, 2019
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  • Dana Stroul
Articles & Testimony
U.S. Warns Sudan—and Perhaps the Saudis—About Cracking Down on Protesters
As international players compete to ease or exploit the crisis, Washington is seemingly pressuring Riyadh to end its support for brutal warlords like General Dagalo.
Jun 6, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
Israel’s Election Redo: Implications for the Trump Peace Plan
The U.S. and Israeli electoral calendars will likely impede any grand peace plan for the foreseeable future, so the administration should instead focus on immediate stabilization measures leading up to and during the Bahrain economic conference.
May 31, 2019
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  • David Makovsky
Multimedia
Brief Analysis
The Ends of Iran: Next Steps for Tehran and Its Neighbors
The former head of U.S. naval operations in the Gulf joins two military and diplomatic experts for a discussion on Iran's strategic calculus, allied perspectives, and Washington's policy options.
May 30, 2019
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  • Michael Eisenstadt
  • John Miller
  • Barbara A. Leaf
Turkish president Erdogan - Source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
Erdogan’s Failure on the Nile
How Turkey’s president went from being a regional Islamist leader in the Arab Spring to sharing Qatar’s role as the Middle East’s odd man out.
May 28, 2019
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  • Soner Cagaptay
Articles & Testimony
Iran's Aggressions the Focus of 'Emergency' Arab Summit
Despite the challenges that usually accompany these high-level talks, Gulf countries seem keener than ever to counter the threat across the Persian Gulf.
May 21, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
Rumors of War: Responding to Iranian Pushback in the Gulf
Washington should reduce tensions, open lines of communication, and restore deterrence, though managing the contradictions between these objectives will be challenging.
May 17, 2019
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  • Michael Eisenstadt
  • Farzin Nadimi
Brief Analysis
Saudi Oil in Iran’s Crosshairs
Attacks on tankers near the Strait of Hormuz and Saudi Arabia’s main internal pipeline have accelerated the emerging Gulf crisis and could cause prices to spike worldwide.
May 14, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
If Iran Deploys Missiles in Iraq: U.S.-Israeli Response Options
If Iran duplicates its formula from Lebanon, Syria, and Yemen by sending long-range missiles to Iraq, then future conflicts with Israel would likely include military action on Iraqi soil.
May 13, 2019
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  • Michael Knights
  • Assaf Orion
Articles & Testimony
Saudi Prince's Scorecard on New 'Vision' Looks Good—With Caveats
Change is certainly happening in the kingdom, but it hasn’t been smooth, and doesn’t look like it will be so in the future either.
May 12, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
Articles & Testimony
U.S.-Iran, Israel-Gaza Turn Mideast into a Danger Zone Again
American ships and bombers are arriving in the Gulf at a time when nerves are raw and various players are making risky escalation wagers.
May 6, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
Articles & Testimony
A Real Plan to End the War in Yemen
If the battle lines stay where they are now, with the capital and largest port still out of government control, then the Iranian-backed Houthis will effectively have won the war.
May 2, 2019
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  • Michael Knights
  • Kenneth Pollack
  • Barbara Walter
President Donald Trump meeting with King Salman in Saudi Arabia in 2017 - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
The U.S. and Saudi Arabia Can’t Get a Divorce
Even amid growing exasperation over Riyadh’s behavior, realities on the ground and in the global economy show why the relationship is still crucial.
May 1, 2019
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  • Dennis Ross

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Supported by the

Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy

The Washington Institute's Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy embodies the Institute's long-term research focus on the conservative Arab Gulf states -- Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the UAE, and Oman -- and the key role these countries play collectively as a primary source of the world's oil and natural gas.

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Featured experts

Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt is the Kahn Senior Fellow and director of The Washington Institute's Military and Security Studies Program.
Simon Henderson
Simon Henderson
Simon Henderson is the Baker Senior Fellow and director of the Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy at The Washington Institute, specializing in energy matters and the conservative Arab states of the Persian Gulf.
Michael Knights
Michael Knights
Michael Knights is the Jill and Jay Bernstein Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute and cofounder of the Militia Spotlight platform, which offers in-depth analysis of developments related to Iran-backed militias.
Elizabeth Dent - source: The Washington Institute
Elizabeth Dent
Elizabeth Dent is a Senior Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, where she focuses on U.S. foreign and defense policy toward the Gulf states, Iraq, and Syria.
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