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Gulf States

Policy Analysis on Gulf States

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Articles & Testimony
A New Iran Deal Won’t Prevent an Iranian Bomb
Tehran’s program is far more advanced than in 2015, so only a credible threat of force will stop the regime from crossing the nuclear weapons threshold.
Sep 9, 2022
◆
  • Dennis Ross
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Bahrain Opinion Poll Confirms Sectarian Split on Iran, but not on U.S. or Israel
The Bahraini public provided their perspectives on ties with international partners, moderate Islam, and the country’s economic situation.
Sep 9, 2022
◆
  • David Pollock
U.S. Navy image of an Iranian vessel attempting to capture a U.S. naval drone - source: Department of Defense
Brief Analysis
Iranian Seizures Raise Questions About Unmanned Maritime Operations
More trouble may await U.S. vessels unless officials work resolutely to protect them and establish effective guidelines for their safe operation.
Sep 7, 2022
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  • Farzin Nadimi
Brief Analysis
Responding to the PA’s Mounting Fiscal Crisis
Years of declining international aid, unsustainable public patronage, and controversial policies have pushed the Palestinian government and banking sector to the brink of insolvency.
Sep 1, 2022
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  • Jonah Shrock
  • Gabriel Epstein
  • David Makovsky
UAE flag
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
July/August 2022 UAE Survey Shows U.S. Leads Iran, but Lags Russia and China
Emiratis share their views on global players, regional dynamics, and economic conditions.
Aug 30, 2022
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  • David Pollock
Riyadh
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
New Saudi Poll Shows Biden's Visit Barely Budged Skepticism
The Saudi public gave mixed reviews on issues such as normalization and ties with the United States, but remained mostly united regarding Russia’s actions in Ukraine and relations with Iran.
Aug 26, 2022
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  • David Pollock
Brief Analysis
Oman’s Economic Success Is Driven by Accountability as Much as Oil
By pushing the government to make more efficient use of higher hydrocarbon prices and a budget surplus of $2 billion, the sultan has helped reduce anxiety about the stability of the strategically positioned Gulf state.
Aug 11, 2022
◆
  • Jonathan Campbell-James
U.S., Israeli, Bahraini, and Qatari flags on a mural celebrating the Abraham Accords
Articles & Testimony
A Path to Peace from Biden’s Trip—How the Arab States Can Help
Regional governments are going to reach out to Israel anyway, so why not take advantage of this activity to help the Palestinians and encourage Jerusalem toward constructive moves?
Aug 1, 2022
◆
  • Dennis Ross
  • David Makovsky
President Joe Biden greets Saudi King Salman in Jeddah in July 2022 - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
The True Promise of Joe Biden’s Middle East Trip
It is no exaggeration to say that the visit represents a transformation of Washington’s regional approach—including a rethink of the “pivot.”
Jul 27, 2022
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  • Dennis Ross
  • James Jeffrey
Photo of Chinese and Emirati leaders walking.
Articles & Testimony
China Below the Radar: Israel-US Strategic Dialogue on Technology
Although the headlines were focused elsewhere, the president’s Israel-Saudi trip included statements, agreements, and newly announced inter-agency dialogues that imply deep implications for China policy.
Jul 26, 2022
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  • Assaf Orion
  • Shira Efron
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
The COVID-19 Crisis: An Opportunity to Transition to a Post-Oil Economy
Oil resources have wrought unprecedented developments in Gulf society, but these successes have been tainted by what is known as the “oil curse.” The past several years have given the Gulf an opportunity to change this trajectory.
Jul 22, 2022
◆
  • Mohamed Bechri
Photo of Chinese and Emirati leaders walking.
Brief Analysis
How to Respond to China’s Growing Influence in the Gulf
Beijing’s use of intertwined civil and military tools in the Gulf mirrors its activity closer to home, but the West can readily counter this influence by capitalizing on the region’s desire for diversified partnerships.
Jul 21, 2022
◆
  • Louis Dugit-Gros
President Joe Biden arrives in Saudi Arabia in July 2022
Articles & Testimony
The ‘Spin’ Doesn’t Tell the Full Story of Biden’s Middle East Trip
If there is good news on oil, it isn’t because of Riyadh’s ambiguous remarks about increasing the kingdom’s production capacity.
Jul 18, 2022
◆
  • Simon Henderson
Israeli and UAE flags flying together in Abu Dhabi - source: Reuters
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Arab Public Opinion on Arab-Israeli Normalization and Abraham Accords
A recent poll indicates that though more Gulfis now disapprove of the Abraham Accords, undertones of warming sentiments towards allowing contacts with Israelis are also present.
Jul 15, 2022
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  • Dylan Kassin
  • David Pollock
Brief Analysis
Biden Sees Oil as Key to His Visit, but Does Riyadh Agree?
The administration has signaled its intentions for the trip well in advance, but the realities of Saudi oil capacity and global energy forecasts should temper any U.S. expectations of a quick fix.
Jul 14, 2022
◆
  • Simon Henderson
Vice President Joe Biden arrives in Saudi Arabia
Video
Brief Analysis
Biden in the Middle East: Opportunities and Challenges
A panel of veteran diplomats and scholars from the Gulf, Israel, and Washington discuss the trip’s goals and risks, as well as the president’s chances for success.
Jul 14, 2022
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  • Tamar Hermann
  • Dennis Ross
  • Ebtesam al-Ketbi
  • Robert Satloff
President Joe Biden meets Palestinian Authority President Abbas in July 2022
Articles & Testimony
From Arabs and Israelis, Biden Hears Very Different “New” Middle Easts
The Gulf capitals and Jerusalem may not agree entirely on what “regional security cooperation” means or what an anti-Iran alliance should look like, but opportunities for other types of cooperation abound.
Jul 13, 2022
◆
  • David Makovsky
Brief Analysis
Prospects for an Iranian “July Surprise” During Biden’s Gulf Trip
Tehran may see the president’s attendance at the GCC+3 summit as a tempting opportunity to scuttle a U.S.-Gulf reset, perhaps by using a cyber or military provocation to humiliate the hosts and demonstrate America’s inability to protect them.
Jul 11, 2022
◆
  • Michael Eisenstadt
Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salmon durnig a meeting with Russian President Vladimor Putin in Rihady - source: Reuters
Articles & Testimony
A Picture Could Paint a Thousand Words When Biden Meets MbS
Although political constraints in Washington, Jerusalem, and Riyadh could make substantive progress hard to come by, a few good photo ops may be all that's needed to deem the visit a success.
Jul 8, 2022
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  • Simon Henderson
Satellite map of wider Rea Sea with country names
Brief Analysis
Getting to an Israeli-Saudi Deal on Tiran and Sanafir
Efforts to reach an agreement during President Biden’s visit are laudable, but the administration must take care to ensure that any deal with Riyadh preserves the crucial regional security arrangements enshrined in the Egypt-Israel peace treaty.
Jul 7, 2022
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  • David Schenker

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Supported by the

Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy

The Washington Institute's Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy embodies the Institute's long-term research focus on the conservative Arab Gulf states -- Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the UAE, and Oman -- and the key role these countries play collectively as a primary source of the world's oil and natural gas.

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Featured experts

Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt is the Kahn Senior Fellow and director of The Washington Institute's Military and Security Studies Program.
Simon Henderson
Simon Henderson
Simon Henderson is the Baker Senior Fellow and director of the Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy at The Washington Institute, specializing in energy matters and the conservative Arab states of the Persian Gulf.
Michael Knights
Michael Knights
Michael Knights is the Jill and Jay Bernstein Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute and cofounder of the Militia Spotlight platform, which offers in-depth analysis of developments related to Iran-backed militias.
Elizabeth Dent - source: The Washington Institute
Elizabeth Dent
Elizabeth Dent is a Senior Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, where she focuses on U.S. foreign and defense policy toward the Gulf states, Iraq, and Syria.
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