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Democracy & Reform

Policy Analysis on Democracy & Reform

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Articles & Testimony
Khashoggi’s Family Forgives His Killers, But Will the World Forget the Saudi Scandal?
Whether continued campaigns to hold Riyadh accountable for the crime succeed or not, the crown prince’s economic ‘Vision’ is increasingly likely to slip by another decade or more.
May 23, 2020
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
Don’t Overthink the Assad-Makhlouf Feud
The Syrian leader’s dramatic war of words with his massively wealthy cousin may seem like a major fracture inside the regime, but the dynamics of past and present family disputes paint a different picture.
May 22, 2020
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  • Oula A. Alrifai
Brief Analysis
Kadhimi as Commander-in-Chief: First Steps in Iraqi Security Sector Reform
After his promising start, the new prime minister needs time and latitude to stamp his authority on the country’s security sector, even as militia rockets fall in Baghdad.
May 19, 2020
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  • Michael Knights
Articles & Testimony
The Jihadi-Backed Salvation Government and Covid-19 in Northwest Syria
Disease prevention efforts in Idlib illustrate the movement's political evolution and its differences from the Islamic State, but the pandemic may still hit the area hard given inconsistent implementation and years of regime destruction.
May 15, 2020
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  • Aaron Y. Zelin
Brief Analysis
Violence Targeting Palestinian Banks Comes at a Sensitive Time
The latest row over prisoner payments has highlighted the PA’s longstanding legitimacy deficit and its potential inability to control events on the ground if public unrest escalates this summer.
May 14, 2020
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  • Ghaith al-Omari
  • Katherine Bauer
In-Depth Reports
Palestinian Politics After Abbas
Sudden Succession Essay Series
Throughout his tenure as leader of the Palestinian Authority, Mahmoud Abbas has studiously avoided grooming a successor, instead consolidating his control over numerous Palestinian entities and sidelining officials he perceived as threatening to his rule. When he eventually exits the scene, Abbas will leave many leadership roles to be filled—including in the PLO, Fatah movement, and national security agencies.
May 5, 2020
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  • Ghaith al-Omari
  • Ehud Yaari
◆ Sudden Succession Essay Series
Brief Analysis
Hezbollah Takes Aim at Lebanon’s Central Bank and Telecom Sector
By exploiting the public’s anti-corruption sentiment, the group's leaders are looking for an excuse to seize control of additional sectors and replace the country’s financial system with their own corrupt, cash-based economy.
May 4, 2020
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  • Hanin Ghaddar
Brief Analysis
Corona in the Casbah: The Pandemic’s Destabilizing Impact on Algeria
Given that the local economic repercussions of COVID-19 could be severe, Washington should prepare for the prospect of instability erupting in Africa’s largest country.
Apr 22, 2020
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  • Sarah Feuer
Articles & Testimony
Resilience in Turkey
Despite Erdogan’s pandemic missteps and repressively conservative agenda, Turkey’s problem-solving opposition parties and the secularist youths who support them give hope that democracy will endure.
Apr 22, 2020
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  • Soner Cagaptay
  • Deniz Yuksel
Articles & Testimony
What ‘Bonaparte Visiting the Plague-Stricken in Jaffa’ Teaches About Our Own Plague-Stricken Time
The painting and the historical scene it depicts remind us that many aspects of the coronavirus pandemic—from equipment rationing to ‘Orient blaming’ to political clashes with medical science—are nothing new.
Apr 21, 2020
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  • Martin Kramer
Articles & Testimony
Why King Abdullah Is King
His father, King Hussein, had always wanted it that way, he just never told anybody. Except me.
Apr 18, 2020
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  • Robert Satloff
Brief Analysis
Pandemic Could Change Iran’s Model of Supreme Leadership Forever
With the IRGC spearheading the containment effort, the clergy shooting itself in the foot, and the regime widening its cyber-repression, Iran is ripe for an evolution in which Khamenei or his successor give way to de facto military rule.
Apr 17, 2020
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  • Mehdi Khalaji
Brief Analysis
Don’t Blame the Mossadeq Coup for Iran’s Anti-Americanism
Close analysis of Iranian history textbooks indicates that not even the regime regards the 1953 coup as a seminal event in souring bilateral relations.
Apr 15, 2020
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  • Jonathan Sameyach
Articles & Testimony
‘Legitimacy’ Protecting Yemen’s President Complicates Process of Replacing Him
Finding an acceptable process to install a new transitional leader is hard; finding a person with the requisite legitimacy to play that role may be harder still.
Apr 15, 2020
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  • Elana DeLozier
Brief Analysis
Opposing an IMF Loan to Iran: Not an Outlier, Not a Barrier to Aid
Washington often objects to loans that it deems insufficiently rigorous, but its blocking attempts usually fail—and Iran has no need for the funds anyway.
Apr 14, 2020
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  • Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Qaani’s Surprise Visit to Baghdad and the Future of the PMF
The commander’s trip was aimed at uniting Shia militias against the United States and domestic political rivals, but facts on the ground show that the post-Soleimani Qods Force is losing its touch in Iraq.
Apr 10, 2020
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  • Farzin Nadimi
  • Hamdi Malik
Brief Analysis
Iraq Goes from Zurfi to Kadhimi: U.S. Policy Implications
If Kadhimi’s nomination goes through, it would be good news for Iraq, but Washington’s troubled relationship with Baghdad still needs a radical strategic reset.
Apr 9, 2020
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  • Michael Knights
Brief Analysis
By Mobilizing to Fight Coronavirus, the IRGC Is Marginalizing the Government
From establishing new provincial headquarters to deploying hundreds of thousands of troops and militia personnel on emergency duty, the Guards are seemingly using the crisis as an opportunity to expand their power at the local level.
Apr 8, 2020
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  • Saeid Golkar
Brief Analysis
Syria’s Three Governments Confront the Coronavirus
The rebel administration in Idlib and the Kurdish-led government in the northeast have been more proactive and transparent than the Assad regime, but their populations still need urgent, direct international aid—without the UN’s imprimatur if necessary.
Apr 1, 2020
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  • Aaron Y. Zelin
  • Oula A. Alrifai
Brief Analysis
Hezbollah’s Corona Quagmire: An Opportunity to Empower the LAF
Now that Hezbollah realizes its efforts to hide virus cases won’t work anymore, Washington should urge Beirut to put LAF medical and border-control personnel to work without resorting to a full state of emergency.
Mar 31, 2020
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  • Hanin Ghaddar

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Supported by the

Project Fikra: Defeating Extremism through the Power of Ideas

Fikra n. [Arabic] "Idea"

The Washington Institute's Project Fikra is a multiyear program of research, publication, and network-building designed to generate policy ideas for promoting positive change and countering the spread of extremism in the Middle East.

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Featured experts

Catherine Cleveland
Catherine Cleveland
Catherine Cleveland is The Washington Institute's Croft-Wagner Family Senior Fellow and managing editor of Fikra Forum.
Ben Fishman
Ben Fishman
Ben Fishman is the Steven D. Levy Senior Fellow in the Linda and Tony Rubin Program on Arab Politics at The Washington Institute, where he focuses on North Africa.
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