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Gulf & Energy Policy

Policy Analysis on Gulf & Energy Policy

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Articles & Testimony
Fears of 'What's Next?' Will Influence Iran's—and the World's—Reactions
If the United States signals its readiness to do more militarily while also considering compromise, it could spur other governments to apply more effective collective pressure on Tehran.
Jan 6, 2020
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  • Dennis Ross
Articles & Testimony
Iran May Want Revenge for Soleimani, But It May Need Restraint Instead
The incident might convince Khamenei and his advisors that their meddling in the Middle East is jeopardizing the regime’s domestic stability.
Jan 4, 2020
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  • Simon Henderson
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
Oman After Qaboos: A National and Regional Void
Sudden Succession Essay Series
The Gulf nation of Oman has been ruled by Sultan Qaboos since 1970, when he overthrew his own father. The seventy-nine-year-old leader has enjoyed wide popularity, but he has a history of illness. To ensure national stability and continued progress, his successor will have to enact far-reaching economic reforms, aimed especially at broadening the economy beyond its current oil dependence. At the same time, a new sultan will need to navigate challenges posed by powerful neighbors such as Iran, the UAE, and Saudi Arabia.
Dec 30, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
◆ Sudden Succession Essay Series
Articles & Testimony
Saudi Sentences in Khashoggi Murder Will Again Test U.S. Relations
The challenge for the kingdom’s Western allies is how to square Riyadh’s announcement with the CIA and UN conclusion that the crown prince himself sanctioned the crime.
Dec 23, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
Turkey Pivots to Tripoli: Implications for Libya’s Civil War and U.S. Policy
Facing pressure from General Haftar and his foreign military backers, the Tripoli government has welcomed the helping hand extended by Ankara, whose own lack of regional options has drawn it into the middle of another conflict.
Dec 19, 2019
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  • Soner Cagaptay
  • Ben Fishman
Articles & Testimony
GCC Security Issues, as Their Publics See Them: A Rare Look at Real Data
Polling results from five Gulf countries show where citizens and their leaders converge and diverge on Iran, U.S. relations, and other crucial foreign policy matters.
Dec 12, 2019
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  • David Pollock
Brief Analysis
Deterring Iran’s Next Attack
Since a maximum pressure policy requires maximum deterrence, the president should avoid tweets and actions that undercut U.S. credibility regarding the use of force, while authorizing the requisite rules of engagement.
Dec 11, 2019
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  • Michael Eisenstadt
Brief Analysis
Qatar Rift Overshadows Riyadh Summit
Given the potential for sideline progress toward healing the rift and refocusing on Iran, this year’s diplomatic theater will be more closely watched than usual.
Dec 9, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
Articles & Testimony
What Will It Take to Repair Middle Eastern Economies?
Directly investing in nongovernmental enterprise and giving international approval to private competition can change the dynamic in individual countries, promote liberal economies, and give citizens greater agency.
Dec 8, 2019
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  • Bilal Wahab
OPEC flag
Articles & Testimony
OPEC Meetings May Provide Economic Answers—or Just More Questions
Amid Saudi stock sell-offs, Russian production limits, U.S. tariff showdowns, and a flurry of other factors, the potential impact of the cartel’s Vienna meetings is difficult to predict.
Dec 4, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
The IRGC States Its Case for Escalation Against the United States, Britain, and Saudi Arabia
As its concerns about domestic dissent and Western naval activity grow, Tehran may once again try to divert attention from the unrest at home by launching attacks abroad.
Nov 26, 2019
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  • Farzin Nadimi
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
Bahrain After the Prime Minister
Sudden Succession Essay Series
Bahrain’s prime minister, Sheikh Khalifa bin Salman al-Khalifa, has held his position since 1971, the year his country gained independence from Britain, but he is now eighty-four and evidently in uncertain health. Potential candidates to replace him include Crown Prince Salman or even a much younger nephew, Nasser bin Hamad, mirroring the generational handover in Qatar and Saudi Arabia. But the Khawalids, an influential, once-sidelined branch of the ruling family, also merit attention as Bahrain nears the end of an era.
Nov 26, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
◆ Sudden Succession Essay Series
Brief Analysis
Khamenei’s Domestic and Foreign Response Options to the Protests
The Supreme Leader faces tough choices about who to blame for the protests, and what impact they should have on policy toward the United States.
Nov 21, 2019
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  • Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Riyadh Agreement Delivers Political Gains in Yemen, But Implementation Less Certain
The new agreement will score a win if it brings the most important players to the table for wider talks, but implementing its often-vague provisions so quickly will prove challenging.
Nov 5, 2019
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  • Elana DeLozier
Brief Analysis
Understanding the Saudi Aramco IPO
The long-anticipated stock selloff has finally been green-lit, but doubts remain about just how much it will help to economically transform the kingdom.
Nov 4, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
A Panamanian-flagged oil tanker in the Persian Gulf - source: Reuters
Brief Analysis
Bahrain Hosts Regional Maritime Security Meeting
The first such gathering since the recent spate of Iranian attacks, the multinational meeting could help Washington build a coalition capable of preventing future flare-ups.
Oct 21, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
Articles & Testimony
Attack on Iranian Tanker Could Be Tensions Flowing to Red Sea
The Persian Gulf is more crucial in oil terms, but if hostilities expand to the Red Sea, Iran could gain extra leverage against its adversaries on energy and trade matters.
Oct 15, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
Kuwait City at sunset.
Maps & Graphics
In-Depth Reports
Kuwait: A Changing System Under Stress
Sudden Succession Essay Series
In a Gulf region experiencing sharp tensions, how might a leadership transition in Kuwait affect a much-needed node of stability?
Oct 4, 2019
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  • Kristian Coates Ulrichsen
  • Simon Henderson
◆ Sudden Succession Essay Series
Articles & Testimony
U.S.-Saudi Ties, a Year After Khashoggi’s Death
The crown prince’s televised apologies and welcome domestic reforms are overshadowed by his government’s ongoing litany of human rights abuses.
Oct 3, 2019
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  • Simon Henderson
Saudi ARAMCO oil storage facility
Video
Brief Analysis
Responding to the Saudi Oil Attack: A Challenge for U.S. Policy
Three experts discuss Washington’s potential reaction, which will have powerful implications not only in the Gulf states, but everywhere that America and its allies face off against Iran and its proxies, from Iraq to Lebanon to Gaza.
Oct 1, 2019
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  • Suzanne Maloney
  • Norman Roule
  • Michael Singh

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Supported by the

Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy

The Washington Institute's Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy embodies the Institute's long-term research focus on the conservative Arab Gulf states -- Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the UAE, and Oman -- and the key role these countries play collectively as a primary source of the world's oil and natural gas.

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Featured experts

Patrick Clawson
Patrick Clawson
Patrick Clawson is the Morningstar Senior Fellow and Research Counselor at The Washington Institute.
Simon Henderson
Simon Henderson
Simon Henderson is the Baker Senior Fellow and director of the Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy at The Washington Institute, specializing in energy matters and the conservative Arab states of the Persian Gulf.
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