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The U.S. Strategy Debate over the Gulf

The danger of a U.S.-Iraq military confrontation may be receding for the time being. But now the debate in the administration, Congress, and the public faces a new issue: will the Bush Administration's multilateral strategy prevent it from taking unilateral military action if Saddam Hussein refuses to withdraw from Kuwait

Meeting in Amman:

The Perils of Negotiation

As UN Secretary-General Perez de Cuellar begins diplomatic contacts in Amman with Iraqi Foreign Minister Tariq Aziz, the Gulf crisis moves, at least temporarily, into a phase of negotiations. But negotiations can be as dangerous as battle -- leading to escalation, defeat, or even disaster. U.S. policy must be flexible

Barry Rubin

In-Depth Reports

Keynote Address

Superpower relations in the Middle East is an especially timely and provocative topic -- timely because superpower relations clearly are changing, and provocative because the consequences from those changes are far from self-evident. On one hand, the lessening of the tensions between the superpowers, especially the declining role of the

In-Depth Reports

The Middle East in an Era of Changing Superpower Relations

Keynote addresses by Jeane Kirkpatrick, Les Aspin, and Dan Quayle. With Vitaly Naumkin, Reuven Merhav, and others.

In-Depth Reports

Keynote Address

We have been living through a political earthquake. A year ago Erich Honecker was still heading East Germany, and people were talking about the solid infrastructure of the GDR. Milos Jakes was still ruling in Czechoslovakia, and it was said that the communist party had a strong system of control

In-Depth Reports

U.S. Policy and the Middle East Peace Process

Keynote addresses by John Kelly and Dennis Ross. With Leslie Gelb, Joseph Sisco, and Samuel Lewis.

In-Depth Reports

To Build a Bridge of Trust:

American Policy toward the Middle East

The American government is intent on trying to bring the parties in the Arab-Israeli dispute closer together, to talk, to negotiate and to resolve differences. President Bush has reaffirmed this commitment on several occasions and Secretary of State James Baker described our goals eloquently in his speech on "principles and

In-Depth Reports

Development Diplomacy:

U.S. Economic Assistance to the West Bank and Gaza

For more than a decade, U.S. policymakers have sought, at least indirectly, to supplement their efforts to promote political reconciliation between Israel and the Palestinians with economic support to improve the socio-economic conditions in the West Bank and Gaza. U.S. efforts have been premised on the assumption that economic progress

Joyce Starr

In-Depth Reports

U.S. Policy in the Middle East:

Toward the Next Administration

Keynote address byGeorge Shultz. With Madeleine Albright, Itamar Rabinovich, Oleg Derkovsky, Hirsh Goodman, and others.

In-Depth Reports

The Reagan Administration's Approach to Middle East Peacemaking

Decision time is approaching in the Middle East. In Israel and Lebanon, within the Palestinian community and in the gulf, choices will be made that will have a profound impact on the politics of the region and on the chances of settling conflicts peacefully. These decisions must be based on

In-Depth Reports

Changing the Balance of Risks:

U.S. Policy toward the Arab-Israeli Conflict

The violent uprising in the West Bank and Gaza has destroyed a status quo which had been tolerable, if not entirely comfortable, for several years. Mounting casualties injected fresh urgency into the search for a new peace process to replace one that has been stalled by differences over procedures and

In-Depth Reports

Between Two Administrations:

A U.S.-Israel Strategic Dialogue

President Reagan was motivated by a concern for Israel's security. He believed that we should commit ourselves to Israel's defense. He understood Israel's deep-seated and justified fear of attack and wanted to contribute to relieving it. Until Israel felt secure, he believed it unlikely that Israel would be willing to

In-Depth Reports

Israel and the Palestinians:

Imperatives for the Future

Keynote addresses by Walter Mondale, Lawrence Eagleburger, and Richard Murphy. With William Kirby, Daniel Kurtzer, Aaron David Miller, and others.

In-Depth Reports

Assessing U.S. Policy toward the Peace Process

Vice President Mondale Much has changed over the past year -- in both the Middle East and in Washington. In the region, calm was shattered by the rocks of the Palestinian uprising and suddenly, the U.S. government understood the costs of leaving the peace process on the back burner. The

In-Depth Reports

Formalizing the Strategic Partnership:

The Next Step in U.S.-Israel Relations

Over the past eight years, relations between the United States and Israel have benefitted from the addition of a new and vital strategic dimension. American defense and foreign policy officials have begun to appreciate the potential for Israel’s contribution to U.S. and Western interests in the Middle East as evidenced

Stuart Eizenstat

In-Depth Reports

Building for Peace:

An American Strategy for the Middle East

When the next president enters office, he will be confronted by a Middle East in transformation. The Iraq-Iran war is ending; the Arab-Israeli conflict is reverting to its inter-communal roots; and the arms race is escalating to a new, more dangerous level. As the region adjusts to these new realities

In-Depth Reports

U.S.-Israel Strategic Cooperation

This Policy Focus presents the highlights of The Washington Institute's Conference on Strategy and Defense in the Eastern Mediterranean, held in Jerusalem, July 9-11, 1986. More than fifty American and Israeli policymakers, journalists and military analysts attended the conference, which was the first academic gathering to examine the development of

Bart Aronson
Samuel Lewos
Menachem Meron

In-Depth Reports

Strategy and Defense in the Eastern Mediterranean:

An American-Israeli Dialogue

In 1982 the United States deployed the Sixth Fleet off the shores of Lebanon in support of the Marines' ill-fated peacekeeping mission in that nation. In October 1985, carrier-based aircraft intercepted the hijackers of the Achille Lauro over the Eastern Mediterranean. In September 1986, the U.S. bombed Muammar Qaddaffi's headquarters

In-Depth Reports

Acting with Caution:

Middle East Policy Planning for the Second Reagan Administration

Executive Summary Although the disincentives to war are great among the parties to the Arab-Israeli conflict, there is little prospect of real movement toward peace. THE REGIONAL CONTEXT: 'NO WAR, NO PEACE' Israel is preoccupied with the withdrawal from Lebanon and its economic crisis. However, Peres may wish to precipitate

Dennis Ross

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Supported by the

Diane and Guilford Glazer Foundation Program on Great Power Competition and the Middle East

The Diane and Guilford Glazer Foundation Program on Great Power Competition and the Middle East focuses on the region as a setting for heightened competition between the United States and other world powers, such as China and Russia.

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Featured experts

Robert Satloff - source: The Washington Institute

Robert Satloff is the Segal Executive Director of The Washington Institute, a post he assumed in January 1993.

Ambassador Dennis Ross

Dennis Ross, a former special assistant to President Barack Obama, is the counselor and William Davidson Distinguished Fellow at The Washington Institute.

Michael Singh

Michael Singh is the Managing Director and Lane-Swig Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute.

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