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Democracy & Reform

Policy Analysis on Democracy & Reform

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Articles & Testimony
Turkey's New 'Old Kemalists'
Using its unbridled control over the executive, legislative, and now judicial branches and the media, the AKP has eliminated Kemalists, and now aims to shape Turkish society in its own narrowly conservative and authoritarian image.
Mar 21, 2011
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  • Soner Cagaptay
Brief Analysis
Implementing Obama's Message Supporting Iranian Human Rights
On March 20, during his annual speech marking the Iranian New Year, President Obama crystallized recent shifts in U.S. policy toward the Islamic Republic. Tellingly, this year's message was addressed to "the people of Iran" rather than to the government, in sharp contrast to Obama's 2009 declaration "I would like
Mar 21, 2011
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  • Patrick Clawson
  • Mehdi Khalaji
Articles & Testimony
Bahrain's Kleptocracy in the Crosshairs
The Bahrain crisis reveals that the U.S. and Saudi Arabia are no longer on the same page: Riyadh perceives the White House as demanding universal freedoms from its friends, but not from its adversaries like Iran.
Mar 17, 2011
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  • Simon Henderson
Articles & Testimony
The Obama Doctrine: A Modesty of Ambitions
The turmoil sweeping the Middle East could be the crucible in which a new U.S. foreign policy is forged, one that champions political and economic freedom at the cost of short-term tradeoffs.
Mar 15, 2011
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  • Michael Singh
Brief Analysis
Bahrain's Crisis: Saudi Forces Intervene
On March 14, the Saudis dispatched military forces to Bahrain, marking a major step in the troubles that have wracked the Gulf state for the last month. Although clearly intended to help the government in Manama reduce unrest, the move also increases the risk that Iran will come to the
Mar 15, 2011
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  • Simon Henderson
Brief Analysis
Syria's Turn
The outbreak of anti-regime protests in Damascus offers the Obama administration an opportunity to reiterate America's call for universal freedoms and to push for change in a country that consistently aligns itself against Washington.
Mar 15, 2011
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  • Andrew J. Tabler
Brief Analysis
The Arab Revolutions: An Israeli Perspective
Israel has been watching the ongoing upheaval in the Arab world with steadily growing concern. While they hope to see a happy, democratic end to the popular eruptions of protest and discontent against dictatorial regimes, Israelis are bracing themselves for a series of less optimistic outcomes. A different Middle East
Mar 15, 2011
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  • Ehud Yaari
Brief Analysis
Walking a Tightrope: Secretary Clinton Goes to Cairo
Tomorrow, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton arrives in Cairo, becoming the most senior U.S. official to visit Egypt since the fall of former president Hosni Mubarak. She lands at a sensitive time, just days ahead of a controversial constitutional referendum, and in a political atmosphere characterized by deepening anxiety about
Mar 14, 2011
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  • J. Scott Carpenter
Articles & Testimony
The Other Turkish Model
MEMO To: The Muslim Brotherhood From: A Fellow Muslim Dear Brother, As you prepare to run in Egypt's first free elections -- Inshallah, you will win -- I am writing to make recommendations for your success, drawing from the Turkish model. Do not get me wrong; I am not referring
Mar 14, 2011
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  • Soner Cagaptay
Brief Analysis
Turkey's Anti-European Rhetoric Challenges U.S. Policy
Late last month, two diplomatic rows erupted when French president Nicolas Sarkozy visited Turkey and Turkish prime minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan visited Germany. Sarkozy had an unfriendly welcome in Ankara, including a deliberately unflattering photo that showed Erdogan towering over him during a handshake. And during a speech in Dusseldorf
Mar 11, 2011
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  • Soner Cagaptay
Articles & Testimony
Ending Turkey's Nightmare
With coup allegations, the arrest of the government's opponents, and an ongoing media crackdown, an independent media is crucial to Turkey's democracy.
Mar 9, 2011
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  • Soner Cagaptay
Brief Analysis
Saudi Arabia's Planned "Day of Rage"
On Friday, March 11, groups advocating greater political freedom in Saudi Arabia plan to hold a "day of rage" in the kingdom, mimicking protests that have been sweeping through much of the rest of the Arab world. These demonstrations have been scheduled despite Riyadh's announcement last month of a $36
Mar 9, 2011
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  • Simon Henderson
Articles & Testimony
Obama Must Act on Libya No-Fly Zone
The Obama administration should move quickly to impose a no-fly zone and support Libyans seeking to drive the Qadhafi regime from power.
Mar 8, 2011
Brief Analysis
Iraq Closes Offices of Two Political Parties
On March 6, Iraqi soldiers acting on the orders of Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki shut down the Baghdad offices of two Iraqi political parties.
Mar 7, 2011
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  • Michael Knights
Brief Analysis
How to Deal with Islamist Movements in Post-Revolutionary Regimes?
Being less violent than al-Qaeda is not enough: Washington should demand that potential partners in post-despotic Middle Eastern states demonstrate acceptance of civil society, liberal values, and international agreements and borders.
Mar 4, 2011
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  • Matthew Levitt
Articles & Testimony
The Consequences of Inaction in Libya
To deal with the possibility that Qaddafi and his loyalists will use all the force at their disposal before giving in, with an escalation of violence in Libya, the United States and EU should seek UN Security Council authorization for the imposition of a no-fly zone in Libya.
Mar 4, 2011
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  • Michael Singh
Brief Analysis
The Strategic Geography of the Libyan Civil War
In PolicyWatch #1768, Jeffrey White highlighted the possibility for a prolonged struggle in Libya's civil war due to the lack of offensive capability demonstrated by both sides. The following article explores the reasons why strategic geography in Libya reinforces the potential for stalemate and underlines the need for international intervention
Mar 3, 2011
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  • Michael Knights
Articles & Testimony
Religious Minorities in the Near East and South and Central Asia
On March 1, 2011, Dina Guirguis, a Keston Family research fellow with The Washington Institute's Project Fikra: Defeating Extremism through the Power of Ideas, testified before the House Foreign Affairs Committee. The following is an excerpt from her prepared remarks. The strong showing of Christians during Egypt's revolution -- holding
Mar 1, 2011
Articles & Testimony
Saudi Arabia's Musk Revolution
Although few serious analysts of Saudi Arabia believe that politics in the kingdom could play out as dramatically as recent events in North Africa, it remains to be seen whether the Saudi people will continue to quietly accept the royal family's succession chess game.
Mar 1, 2011
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  • Simon Henderson
Articles & Testimony
Help Tunisia First
The United States should make at least $50 million available immediately for democratic institution building in Tunisia. The country's size and considerable assets mean that a modest investment could bring huge returns for the Tunisian people and U.S.-Tunisia relations.
Feb 25, 2011
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  • J. Scott Carpenter

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Supported by the

Project Fikra: Defeating Extremism through the Power of Ideas

Fikra n. [Arabic] "Idea"

The Washington Institute's Project Fikra is a multiyear program of research, publication, and network-building designed to generate policy ideas for promoting positive change and countering the spread of extremism in the Middle East.

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Featured experts

Catherine Cleveland
Catherine Cleveland
Catherine Cleveland is The Washington Institute's Croft-Wagner Family Senior Fellow and managing editor of Fikra Forum.
Ben Fishman
Ben Fishman
Ben Fishman is the Susan and Leonard Feinstein Senior Fellow in the Linda and Tony Rubin Program on Arab Politics at The Washington Institute, where he focuses on North Africa.
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