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Arab & Islamic Politics

Policy Analysis on Arab & Islamic Politics

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Politics and Religion in Post-Election Turkey

Over the past fifty years, in which center-right parties usually have been in power, a moderate state-sanctioned Islam has been gradually on the rise. Increased religious consciousness in Turkey has been fostered through state policies that encourage religious observance and Islamic education. Sufism has also contributed to the revitalization of

Beyond the Headlines:

Long-Term Trends in Mideast Stability

Day-by-day events of the Middle East -- from conflict in South Lebanon, to terrorism in Cairo, to elections in Israel -- obscure already well-established, longer-running economic trends that are having a profound impact on the shape of the region for years to come. Increasing populations, declining oil revenues and the

Simon Henderson

Kuwait and the Gulf:

Five Years after Desert Storm

On February 21, 1996, two days before the killing of Iraqi defector Hussein Kamel, H.E. Sheikh Saud Nasir al-Sabah, Kuwaiti Minister of Information, addressed The Washington Institute's Policy Forum. He spoke about Kuwait, the Gulf, and U.S. policy on the fifth anniversary of the Gulf War. The following is a

In-Depth Reports

Syria Beyond the Peace Process

While the pursuit of Arab-Israeli peace justly remains the dominant U.S. interest in the Levant, it is important to assess Syrian politics through a wider political lens. Since coming to power in 1970, Assad has imposed a brutal, authoritarian police state that has brought an unprecedented measure of stability to

Primakov's Foreign Policy:

Russia and the Middle East

On Tuesday, January 30, 1996 Mr. Peter Rodman, director of National Security Studies at the Nixon Center for Peace and Freedom, and Dr. Robert Freedman, acting president of Baltimore Hebrew University and author of Moscow and the Middle East, addressed a session of The Washington Institute's Policy Forum on the

In-Depth Reports

Between Pragmatism and Ideology:

The Muslim Brotherhood in Jordan, 1989-94

The Muslim Brotherhood and its political wing, the Islamic Action Front, represent the most powerful political movement in Jordan today. Their statements and actions over the past five years—in government and in opposition—offer insight into how the Islamists might conduct domestic and foreign affairs if they come to power. To

Sabah el-Said

In-Depth Reports

An Islamic Republic of Algeria?

Implications for the Middle East and the West

The More than three years after Algeria's military-backed government annulled the results of the first round of parliamentary elections, the country remains locked in a bloody civil war with insurgents seeking to establish a sharia-based Islamic regime. While by no means assured, an Islamist takeover could occur in one of

In-Depth Reports

Extending the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty:

The Middle East Debate

Extending the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty: The Middle East Debate Executive Summary The debate in the Middle East over the possible extension of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) at the April 1995 review conference has emerged as one of the key determinants of whether the treaty will be extended. Egypt ratified

In-Depth Reports

After King Fahd:

Succession in Saudi Arabia (2nd ed.)

The ruling family of Saudi Arabia, one of the United States' most important allies in the Middle East, is heading for a crisis of leadership. Despite its modern infrastructure, paid for by huge revenues from oil exports, the kingdom's political system remains rooted in tribal structures that have scarcely evolved

Simon Henderson

Articles & Testimony

Alternative Foreign Policy Views among the Iranian Policy Elite

Western policy towards the Islamic Republic of Iran has long been based on the assumption that Iran could be persuaded to change major aspects of its foreign policy, such as its support for death threats against Salman Rushdie, its murder of Iranian oppositionists in the West, its cooperation with terrorists

In-Depth Reports

The Vindication of Sadat in the Arab World

The late President Anwar al-Sadat appeared to have lost much respect in the eyes of Egyptians and in the Arab world by the time of his assassination in 1981. Only in the past three years has the Arab world revised its negative image of Sadat and realized the foresight and

In-Depth Reports

Democracy in the Middle East:

Defining the Challenge

The promotion of democracy abroad, long a major tenet of U.S. foreign policy, has taken on newfound importance in the wake of the Soviet Union's collapse. President Clinton has promised to make the promotion of democracy a key element of his foreign policy. The Middle East, a region where autocratic

In-Depth Reports

Radical Middle East States and U.S. Policy

The challenge posed to the United States by the radical regimes in the Middle East -- Libya, Iraq, Iran, and Syria -- is one of the most important foreign policy issues facing Washington today. These regimes, although weakened by the demise of the USSR, have by no means been disabled

Barry Rubin

In-Depth Reports

The Politics of Change in the Middle East

In the contemporary Middle East, threats of political instability are both real and imagined, and differentiating between the two is no easy task. Myths, such as the region's near-congenital predisposition for instability, abound, but when rapid change (e.g., Iraq's invasion of Kuwait) does occur, Western governments are often caught off-guard

Robert Satloff

In-Depth Reports

Palestinian Autonomy, Self-Government, and Peace

In-Depth Reports

The 'Arab Street'?

Public Opinion in the Arab World

In the Middle East, the Gulf War shattered many stereotypes and preconceived notions, not least among them, about the so-called “Arab street.” Commentators regularly depict a mythologized and often demonized “Arab street”—an ominous urban mass that is sometimes depicted as intimidating regimes, sometimes as being held captive by them; and

David Pollock

In-Depth Reports

Islam and the U.S.:

Challenges for the 1990s

Keynote addresses by Gordon Oehler and Gary Kasimov. With Zalmay Khalilzad, Bulent Aliriza, Peter Rodman, Shimon Shamir, and others.

In-Depth Reports

Hamas: The Fundamentalist Challenge to the PLO

Hamas--the Islamic Resistance Movement--arose during the intifada as the organization of Palestinian Muslim fundamentalists of the West Bank and Gaza. Because it views the Arab-Israeli conflict as a religious struggle between Islam and Judaism that can only be resolved by the destruction of the State of Israel, it opposes the

In-Depth Reports

King Hussein's Strategy of Survival

For nearly four decades, King Hussein of Jordan has managed to survive and consolidate his rule in the face of difficult internal and external circumstances. Indeed, Hussein’s will to survive has been and will remain the central organizing principle of his statecraft. In this Policy Paper, Uriel Dann, highlights the

In-Depth Reports

Democracy and Arab Political Culture

The collapse of the Soviet bloc and the end of the Cold War have come almost too swiftly to be registered. As Czechoslovakia's dissident-turned-President Vaclav Havel has said, one no longer has even the time to be astonished. No less striking than the demise of Soviet power has been the

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Linda and Tony Rubin Program on Arab Politics

The Washington Institute's Linda and Tony Rubin Program on Arab Politics focuses on social, political, and economic developments in the Arab world, with an emphasis on the Arab countries of the Levant.

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Featured experts

David Schenker

David Schenker is the Taube Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute and director of the Linda and Tony Rubin Program on Arab Politics. He is the former Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs.

Ghaith al-Omari

Ghaith al-Omari

Ghaith al-Omari is the Rosalinde and Arthur Gilbert Foundation Senior Fellow in The Washington Institute's Irwin Levy Family Program on the U.S.-Israel Strategic Relationship.

Hanin Ghaddar

Hanin Ghaddar is the Friedmann Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute's Rubin Family Arab Politics Program, where she focuses on Shia politics throughout the Levant.

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