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In-Depth Reports

Iran's Influence in Iraq:

Countering Tehran's Whole-of-Government Approach

Since the overthrow of Saddam Hussein's regime in 2003, Iran has tried to establish itself as the key external power broker in Iraq by exploiting ties with key parties, arming and training militias, and exerting economic, religious, and informational influence. Although these efforts have yielded mixed results thus far, the

۲۶ آوریل ۲۰۱۱

Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Knights
Ahmed Ali

The Grinding War in Libya Favors Qadhafi

Despite appearances, the current state of the Libyan civil war is not a stalemate. Muammar Qadhafi's forces have adapted somewhat to NATO's control of the air and have continued offensive operations. And although rebel forces in the east are slowly improving their organizational, communications, and combat capabilities, they are far

۲۱ آوریل ۲۰۱۱

Jeffrey White

In-Depth Reports

The New Silk Road:

China's Energy Strategy in the Greater Middle East

China has arrived in the Greater Middle East and appears determined to stay awhile. Over the past decade, deeming energy security too important to be left to market forces alone, Beijing has prioritized the issue as a matter of national security. From new pipeline and infrastructure projects to increased naval

۶ آوریل ۲۰۱۱

Christina Lin

Odyssey Dawn Squeezes Qadhafi

Operation Odyssey Dawn is having telling effects on the military situation in Libya. Air operations by NATO and the coalition of countries opposing the Libyan government are degrading regime capabilities substantially and bolstering the rebels' ability to conduct both defensive and offensive operations. For the Qadhafi regime's part, its capacity

۲۸ مارس ۲۰۱۱

Jeffrey White

Beyond a No-Fly Zone: How to Protect Civilians in Libya

Much has been achieved in the first few days of Operation Odyssey Dawn: in the east, the regime's advance on the opposition capital of Benghazi has been decisively checked, and conditions have been set for policing of a no-fly zone across Libya's coastal belt. But the zone is merely a

۲۳ مارس ۲۰۱۱

Michael Knights

Operation Odyssey Dawn and the Course of the Libyan War

The ongoing allied intervention in Libya, dubbed Operation Odyssey Dawn, represents a major change in the military situation, but perhaps not a decisive one. It has definitely been a blow to the regime and a boost for the rebels. Nevertheless, UN Security Council Resolution 1973 and its implementation to date

۲۲ مارس ۲۰۱۱

Jeffrey White

Libyan Revolution Faces Defeat without External Military Intervention

For several days now, Muammar Qadhafi's forces have notched military successes against Libya's armed opposition, making an outright victory increasingly likely. The revolution is not yet finished, but its prospects are declining rapidly in the face of superior regime capabilities and its own lack of military resources. The regime seems

۱۷ مارس ۲۰۱۱

Jeffrey White

Options for Military Intervention in Libya

Libya's internal conflict is entering its fourth week and shows no signs of coming to a rapid close. The fighting has reached a rough balance, with both sides possessing some strengths but neither able to achieve a decisive military advantage that could end the war. Depending on its scale and

۸ مارس ۲۰۱۱

Jeffrey White

Articles & Testimony

Obama Must Act on Libya No-Fly Zone

The Obama administration should move quickly to impose a no-fly zone and support Libyans seeking to drive the Qadhafi regime from power.

۸ مارس ۲۰۱۱

Articles & Testimony

The Consequences of Inaction in Libya

To deal with the possibility that Qaddafi and his loyalists will use all the force at their disposal before giving in, with an escalation of violence in Libya, the United States and EU should seek UN Security Council authorization for the imposition of a no-fly zone in Libya.

۴ مارس ۲۰۱۱

Michael Singh

The Strategic Geography of the Libyan Civil War

In PolicyWatch #1768, Jeffrey White highlighted the possibility for a prolonged struggle in Libya's civil war due to the lack of offensive capability demonstrated by both sides. The following article explores the reasons why strategic geography in Libya reinforces the potential for stalemate and underlines the need for international intervention

۳ مارس ۲۰۱۱

Michael Knights

Fighting in Libya: The Military Balance

The uprising in Libya has evolved into a significant military struggle. The Qadhafi regime and, to a lesser extent, its opponents are employing substantial levels of violence, including the use of heavy weapons. Thousands have been killed and wounded. At the moment, the military balance lies somewhat in favor of

۲ مارس ۲۰۱۱

Jeffrey White

Slippery Slope: Libya and the Lessons of Previous No-Fly Zones

In PolicyWatch #1763, Jason Hanover and Jeffrey White outlined the range of military options that the United States could employ to protect the Libyan population from the Qadhafi regime's military forces. The following article specifies the challenges posed by the enforcement of no-fly zones and related no-drive zones, drawing on

۲۵ فوریه ۲۰۱۱

Michael Knights

U.S.-NATO Intervention in Libya: Risks and Benefits

Muammar Qadhafi has vowed to fight to the bitter end, raising the prospect of a protracted and bloody conflict with opportunities for exploitation by radical Islamist elements. Although external military intervention could help prevent a very bad outcome, such action carries its own risks and potential complications. The United States

۲۴ فوریه ۲۰۱۱

Jason Hanover
Jeffrey White

Egypt's Military in Power: Dynamics, Challenges, Prospects

Egypt is now effectively under military control and will likely remain so for some months. The Supreme Military Council (SMC) holds effective decisionmaking authority, although a civilian cabinet remains in place. The SMC has pledged to make a swift transition to a new civilian government, but to date it has

۲۲ فوریه ۲۰۱۱

Jeffrey White

Politics Threaten Iran's Mediterranean Naval Ambitions

The attempted passage through the Suez Canal of two Iranian warships en route to an unprecedented Mediterranean deployment demonstrates the potential constraints on Iranian efforts to realize its Great Power ambitions.

۱۷ فوریه ۲۰۱۱

Michael Eisenstadt

Iran in Iraq: The Role of Muqtada al-Sadr

On January 5, radical Shiite leader Muqtada al-Sadr entered Iraq after a three-year self-imposed exile in Iran, but then returned to Iran fifteen days later. According to Saudi-owned media outlets, he fled because of threats from Asaib Ahl al-Haqq (AAH), a militant offshoot of his own Sadrist movement. Whatever the

۸ فوریه ۲۰۱۱

Michael Knights

Articles & Testimony

U.S. Foreign Service: On the Front Lines in Egypt

Michael Singh describes the function of the Foreign Service in protecting the well-being of U.S. citizens in Egypt.

۳ فوریه ۲۰۱۱

Michael Singh

The Egyptian Military and the Fate of the Regime

The Egyptian Armed Forces (EAF) is perhaps the key actor in the current crisis. Although it has largely remained aloof from the struggle in the streets and has yet to show its hand regarding the fate of the regime, many are counting on it to act in the nation's interest

۳ فوریه ۲۰۱۱

Jeffrey White

Egypt's Security Forces: A Key Factor in the Crisis

The current wave of protests in Egypt has pitted thousands of demonstrators against the police and Central Security Forces (CSF). The performance of these forces is key to the outcome of the crisis. If they can contain the demonstrations without excessive violence, the protests will likely burn themselves out over

۲۷ ژانویه ۲۰۱۱

Jeffrey White

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Military and Security Studies Program

The Washington Institute's Military and Security Studies Program has established itself as an unrivaled source of reliable, incisive, and forward-looking analysis concerning several of the most critical national-security challenges facing the United States today: The U.S. military role in the Middle East, Iran's nuclear program and its proxy armies, the ongoing conflict is in Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, and Yemen, the regional proliferation of missiles and weapons of mass destruction, the security dimensions of the Arab-Israeli conflict, and many other security issues on the frontline of the U.S. policymaking agenda.

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Michael Eisenstadt

مایکل آیزنستات

مایکل آیزنستات هموند دیوید کان و داگلاس کان و مدیر برنامه مطالعات امنیتی و نظامی انستیو واشنگتن است.

Grant Rumley

گرانت راملی

گرانت راملی هموند ارشد انستیتو واشنگتن و مشاور سابق سیاست‌گذاری خاورمیانه در دفتر وزیر دفاع است.

Elizabeth Dent - source: The Washington Institute

Elizabeth Dent is the Nathan and Esther K. Wagner Senior Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, where she focuses on U.S. foreign and defense policy toward the Gulf states, Iraq, and Syria.

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