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Iraq

Policy Analysis on Iraq

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Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
What Basrawi Politican Is Behind Kataib al-Mustafa?
The strange little militia Kataib al-Mustafa announced itself to great fanfare in Basra, and judging by its media reception, it has an important mystery backer.
Oct 1, 2024
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Mohammed Shia al-Sudani and Qais al-Khazali
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
New Exposé on Sudani PMO Eavesdropping Is Suppressed, But Archived Online
A second major report on the political surveillance scandal was quickly muted, in part because it was highly critical of Iranian Qods Force commander Esmail Qaani.
Sep 25, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
KH
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Kataib Hezbollah in the Caucasus: One to Watch
Unconfirmed but detailed reporting on potential Iraqi terrorist cells in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan should be a wake-up call to monitor Kataib Hezbollah's external operations more closely.
Sep 24, 2024
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Saraya al-Jihad Improved Rocket-Assisted Mortars (IRAMs).
Maps & Graphics
Articles & Testimony
Profile: Saraya al-Jihad
A low-profile Iraqi militia that is deeply linked with Iran's Qods Force and plays important roles in storing advanced conventional weapons provided by Tehran and suppressing Iraqi moderates.
Sep 18, 2024
◆
  • Sary Mumayiz
  • Abdullah Hayek
  • Ameer al-Kaabi
  • Michael Knights
  • Hamdi Malik
◆ Militia Spotlight: Profiles
Parliament of Kurdistan
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Free and Fair? Setting Expectations for the KRI’s October Elections
Elections in which Kurdish voters can authentically choose their leaders are not only what Kurdish citizens deserve; they increase the likelihood that the KRG will address the myriad concerns about its governance.
Sep 18, 2024
◆
  • Winthrop Rodgers
PMF Human Rights
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Human Rights Abusers Set Up PMF Department of Human Rights
UN officials should not be holding events hosted by Iraqi militia figures responsible for the deaths of protesters and other gruesome offenses, yet that is precisely what is happening under a new militia "human rights" bureau.
Sep 17, 2024
◆
  • Ameer al-Kaabi
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Coffins with the remains of people from the Yazidi minority, who were killed by Islamic State militants, after they were exhumed from a mass grave, before their burial in Kojo, Iraq February 6, 2021 - source: Reuters
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
As UNITAD’s Mandate Ends, ISIL Survivors Still Lack Justice
As UNITAD's mandate ends, all involved parties should examine the limitations of what the organization was able to accomplish for the victims of ISIL's crimes after seven years.
Sep 11, 2024
◆
  • Alannah Travers
Saraya Talia al-Khurasani (STK) fighters
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Profile: Saraya Talia al-Khurasani
A longstanding partner to Iran's Qods Force and Lebanese Hezbollah, this militia is one of Iraq's most notorious in terms of human rights abuses and rampant criminality.
Sep 6, 2024
◆
  • Abdullah Hayek
  • Sary Mumayiz
◆ Militia Spotlight: Profiles
New Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia al-Sudani attends the first regular session of the Council of Ministers in Baghdad in November 2022 - source: Reuters
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Iraq’s Watergate and the Fallout for U.S. Relations
The politicized corruption of the country’s best intelligence agency has exploded into a major eavesdropping scandal directed from the prime minister’s office, and Washington should adjust bilateral intelligence sharing accordingly.
Sep 5, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Iraqi Parliament
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Iraqi Parliament and Child Marriage: Iraqi Child Rights from One Tight Spot to Another
The new amendment has been met with concerns as it is believed to promote child marriage, raising the stakes of this proposed amendment and its potential implications.
Sep 4, 2024
◆
  • Bashar AlHadla
Peshmerga fighters throwing away ISIS flag
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
The Kurdistan Region of Iraq's Strategic Role in ISIS Operations—A Crossroads of Conflict
Effective counter-narratives are required to weaken the group's ideological appeal, especially the propaganda targeting Kurdish populations.
Aug 30, 2024
◆
  • Frzand Sherko
Tash Kopru bridge, Kirkuk
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Competition over Kirkuk: Between Internal Conflicts and Regional Rivalries
Kirkuk’s future remains uncertain due to the lack of any consensus-based projects between the governorate’s political actors. Even if these longtime rivals find a way to participate in the local government, it is possible that a slight grievance could devolve into political deadlock.
Aug 30, 2024
◆
  • Mohanad Faris
Yezidis celebrating Yezidi New Year
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
The Yazidis in Sinjar: When Politics Controls the Fate of Minorities
The greatest concern for small communities in Iraq is the failure of the state to regain its strength and ability to manage the country independently.
Aug 22, 2024
◆
  • Izat Noah
Oil pipeline, al-Fatah bridge, Iraq
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Analyzing the Successes and Failures of Iraq’s 5th plus and 6th Oil and Gas Bid Rounds
For the sake of the Iraqi labor market and of developing domestic expertise in oil and gas management, the government should seek to become more attractive to major IOCs outside of the Chinese companies currently drawn in by its bids.
Aug 21, 2024
◆
  • Muhammed Abed Mazeel al-Aboudi
Diyala governor Adnan al-Jaber with U.S.-designated terrorist Qais al-Khazali.
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Diyala Governorship Shows Badr Leaning on Maliki to Remain Competitive
As Militia Spotlight previewed, the tussle in Diyala shows that Badr's slow political descent is encouraging various militias and tribal elements to scramble for power.
Aug 19, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
  • Ameer al-Kaabi
◆ Militia Spotlight
Asad attack
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Militias Signal De-Escalation with the U.S., Return to Cosmetic Israel Strikes
The self-styled Iraqi "resistance" has hinted at a desire to end the tit-for-tat sequence of strikes with the United States and return to cost-free counter-Israel operations.
Aug 18, 2024
◆
  • Hamdi Malik
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Iraqi cabinet meeting, August 6, 2024
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Extent of Terrorist and Militia Fuel Oil Diversion Exposed in Iraq
A mechanism for diverting Iraqi government oil to militias through non-operational factories was recently exposed, creating a panic shutdown of asphalt plants run by Iran-backed terrorists.
Aug 7, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
◆ Militia Spotlight
Houthi colonel Hussein Abdullah Mastour, killed by the US in Iraq on July 30, 2024
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
Houthi Missile Forces Colonel Killed at Iraqi Government Base in Jurf al-Sakhar
A senior missile specialist from Yemen was killed alongside Iraqi members of Kataib Hezbollah, underlining the government's cooperation with domestic and foreign terrorist groups.
Aug 6, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
  • Ameer al-Kaabi
◆ Militia Spotlight
Rocket truck used to attack US forces at Al-Asad, Iraq, Aug 5, 2024
Maps & Graphics
Brief Analysis
What to Make of Recent Attacks on Coalition Bases in Iraq and Syria?
The strikes are not yet numerous enough to form a definitive pattern, but they probably reflect deep militia divisions over whether to renew anti-coalition attacks in earnest amid the Gaza war.
Aug 5, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
  • Crispin Smith
◆ Militia Spotlight
Iraqi flag
Articles & Testimony
Shia Jihadist State Capture in Iraq
In this chapter from the Jihadist Governance and Statecraft compilation, Michael Knights explores the scope and nature of jihadist governance in Iraq.
Aug 5, 2024
◆
  • Michael Knights
◆ Jihadist Governance and Statecraft

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Linda and Tony Rubin Program on Arab Politics

The Washington Institute's Linda and Tony Rubin Program on Arab Politics focuses on social, political, and economic developments in the Arab world, with an emphasis on the Arab countries of the Levant.

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Featured experts

Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt
Michael Eisenstadt is the Kahn Senior Fellow and director of The Washington Institute's Military and Security Studies Program.
Michael Knights
Michael Knights
Michael Knights is the Jill and Jay Bernstein Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute and cofounder of the Militia Spotlight platform, which offers in-depth analysis of developments related to Iran-backed militias.
Bilal Wahab
Bilal Wahab
Bilal Wahab was the Nathan and Esther K. Wagner Senior Fellow at The Washington Institute.
Elizabeth Dent - source: The Washington Institute
Elizabeth Dent
Elizabeth Dent is a Senior Fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, where she focuses on U.S. foreign and defense policy toward the Gulf states, Iraq, and Syria.
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