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انرژی و اقتصاد

Policy Analysis on انرژی و اقتصاد

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Articles & Testimony
Egyptian Officials Visit Israel to Discuss QIZs
Egyptian officials and businessmen are visiting Israel this week to discuss the creation of Egyptian-Israeli qualified industrial zones (QIZs), which would give them free trade access to US markets. They seek to emulate Jordan's QIZ, the most successful example to date of US-Arab free trade. Indeed, these zones have given
۲۵ مارس ۲۰۰۴
Brief Analysis
Preventing a Boom-to-Bust in Jordan's QIZs:
Implications for Middle East Free Trade
Egyptian officials and businessmen are visiting Israel this week to discuss the creation of Egyptian-Israeli qualified industrial zones (QIZs), which would give them free trade access to U.S. markets. They seek to emulate Jordan's QIZs, the most successful example to date of U.S.-Arab free trade. Indeed, these zones have given
۱۹ مارس ۲۰۰۴
Articles & Testimony
Reversing the Tragedy of Weak Arab Development
Friends of the Arabs can but mourn the transformation of the Middle East from an advanced and powerful region arguably ahead of Europe to a backward state. It is sobering to realize that as recently as the 1930s, there was no Arab development deficit. At that time, Alexandria was more
۸ ژانویهٔ ۲۰۰۴
◆
  • Patrick Clawson
Articles & Testimony
Responding to Iran's Nuclear Challenge
Delay is Victory
The late 2003 IAEA deal at its best addresses only a small part of the Iranian nuclear proliferation threat; at its worst, the deal could become a significant obstacle to responding to the Iranian nuclear threat. The test will come over time -- which is convenient for the Bush administration
۱ ژانویهٔ ۲۰۰۴
Brief Analysis
Russian Oil to Transit Israel:
The Trans-Israel Pipeline is Reborn
Later this month, an oil tanker will leave the Israeli Red Sea port of Eilat after taking on a cargo of Russian crude oil pumped through the Trans-Israel Pipeline (Tipline). The pipeline runs between Eilat and Ashkelon, located south of Tel Aviv on Israel's Mediterranean Sea coast. The tanker will
۱۷ نوامبر ۲۰۰۳
◆
  • Simon Henderson
Articles & Testimony
Impact of World Bank Loans to Iran
Testimony before the House Committee on Financial Services, Subcommittee on Domestic and International Monetary Policy, Trade, and Technology Two important considerations in judging U.S. reaction to World Bank lending to Iran are: how important is World Bank lending be to Iran, and how would lending to Iran fit with World
۲۹ اکتبر ۲۰۰۳
◆
  • Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Oil and Politics, Thirty Years after the Arab Oil Embargo
EDWARD MORSE The effects of the 1973 oil embargo by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) can still be felt. Although the United States has successfully curtailed OPEC's ability to use oil as a weapon or as leverage for political blackmail, the resource remains a viable instrument of
۲۷ اکتبر ۲۰۰۳
Brief Analysis
Economics of Iraqi Security (Part III):
Financing Reconstruction
This PolicyWatch is the third in a three-part series written to coincide with the Madrid Donors Conference on Iraq, which begins on October 24, 2003. Read Part I and Part II (both by Michael Knights). Although economics is not the driving force behind Iraqi resistance to the U.S.-led coalition, restoring
۲۲ اکتبر ۲۰۰۳
◆
  • Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Economics of Iraqi Security (Part II):
Assessing the Value of Security Spending
This PolicyWatch is the second in a three-part series written to coincide with the Madrid Donors Conference on Iraq, which begins on October 24, 2003. Read Part I (also by Knights) and Part III (by Patrick Clawson). Expanding the size of Iraqi government security forces will be key to reducing
۲۱ اکتبر ۲۰۰۳
◆
  • Michael Knights
Brief Analysis
Economics of Iraqi Security (Part I):
Employment
This PolicyWatch is the first in a three-part series written to coincide with the Madrid Donors Conference on Iraq, which begins on October 24, 2003. Read Part II (also by Knights) and Part III (by Patrick Clawson). A recent series of violent riots has underlined the close relationship between employment
۲۰ اکتبر ۲۰۰۳
◆
  • Michael Knights
In-Depth Reports
U.S. Trade with the Middle East:
Opportunities and Challenges
When I look at the set of challenges we face in the Middle East, it seems like a lot of elements are now being pushed to the fore -- Iran, Iraq, the Israeli-Palestinian peace process, and democratization. One issue that always has garnered less attention in the region is economics
۱۹ سپتامبر ۲۰۰۳
Articles & Testimony
Iraq's Ruptured Pipeline to Peace
The attacks against the United Nations headquarters yesterday and against Iraq's oil pipeline to Turkey last weekend illustrate how political and economic security are closely entwined. Ba'athist diehards know that the continuing hardships stemming from economic collapse is what will raise the political temperature among ordinary Iraqis. The lack of
۲۰ اوت ۲۰۰۳
◆
  • Michael Knights
Brief Analysis
Turkish Water to Israel?
A Turkish delegation is expected to be in Israel within the next few weeks, perhaps as early as August 20, to sign an agreement committing Israel to buy 50 million cubic meters (mcm) of water annually from Turkey for the next twenty years. Once the operational details -- price, timeline
۱۴ اوت ۲۰۰۳
Brief Analysis
Budgetary Predictions Cast Doubt on Rapid Iraqi Reconstruction
If Iraq is to rebuild its infrastructure and restore its economy at the pace forecast by the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA), it will need to bridge a major near-term financing gap by increasing capital inflows from outside the country and simultaneously improving its ability to absorb aid and investment. Oil
۱۲ اوت ۲۰۰۳
◆
  • Michael Knights
Brief Analysis
U.S. Policy and Iraqi Oil:
The Challenges Ahead
This Thursday, the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) -- the oil producers' cartel of which Iraq is a founding member -- meets in Vienna to discuss production cuts intended to maintain the current, relatively high price of oil. The United States is not expected to send a representative
۲۲ آوریل ۲۰۰۳
◆
  • Simon Henderson
Articles & Testimony
Fighting on All Fronts
A recent State Department security warning urged all Americans abroad to make sure their cars have a full tank of gas. The message itself was odd: Is there really a Foggy Bottom office responsible for the level of petrol in every expatriate's gas tank? But the emphasis on prevention was
۲۴ فوریهٔ ۲۰۰۳
◆
  • Robert Satloff
Brief Analysis
Jordan's Economic Upturn
Jordan has always been regarded as a buffer state, wedged between turmoil to its east in Iraq and to its west in Israel and the West Bank. While those neighbors have faced turbulence in recent years, Jordan has enjoyed three years of substantial economic growth. Indeed, Jordan provides a positive
۱۲ فوریهٔ ۲۰۰۳
Articles & Testimony
Bush's Postwar Ambitions for Iraq
To bolster the case for war, U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell presented the United Nations Security Council new evidence that Saddam Hussein continues to violate the disarmament clauses of Security Council resolution 1441. This strategy dovetails with President George Bush's repeated mantra that Saddam Hussein poses an unmistakable threat
۱۰ فوریهٔ ۲۰۰۳
Articles & Testimony
Peace Pays Off for Jordan
As Iraq continues its rejectionist course, Islamic militancy remains strong and ongoing terrorist attacks stoke Palestinian-Israeli violence, expectations in the Middle East have plunged lower than the Dead Sea. Yet amid the gloom there is a glimmer of good news: Jordan. It has been said that Jordan is the quintessential
۳۱ ژانویهٔ ۲۰۰۳
◆
  • David Makovsky
Brief Analysis
Iran:
Reformist Blues, Economic Woes
Iran has been experiencing nationwide student demonstrations this week, touched off by a hardline court's recent decision to sentence Tehran professor Hashem Aghajari to death for advocating reform of the Shi'i clergy. Although Aghajari's message was well within the mainstream of traditional Shi'a thought, it presented a challenge to the
۱۹ نوامبر ۲۰۰۲

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Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy

The Washington Institute's Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy embodies the Institute's long-term research focus on the conservative Arab Gulf states -- Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the UAE, and Oman -- and the key role these countries play collectively as a primary source of the world's oil and natural gas.

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Patrick Clawson
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هنری رُم هموند ارشد انستیتو واشنگتن است. وی قبلا نایب رئیس بخش تحقیقات و مدیر گلوبال ماکرو، ایران، و اسرائیل در گروه اوراسیا بوده است.
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