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In-Depth Reports
The Vindication of Sadat in the Arab World
The late President Anwar al-Sadat appeared to have lost much respect in the eyes of Egyptians and in the Arab world by the time of his assassination in 1981. Only in the past three years has the Arab world revised its negative image of Sadat and realized the foresight and
۱ اکتبر ۱۹۹۳
In-Depth Reports
Russian Arms Sales Policy Toward the Middle East
The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 dealt Middle East rejectionists a crippling blow. For four decades, Moscow supplied "rogue" regimes throughout the region with massive quantities of arms with which to pursue their goals: fighting Israel, sponsoring terrorism, and attacking Western interests. Usually, these weapons were provided on
۱ اکتبر ۱۹۹۳
Articles & Testimony
How Russia Still Abets Mideast Terror
After the landmark agreements between Israel, the Palestinians and Jordan, all eyes turn toward Syria. Will President Hafez Assad also make Israel a peace offer it can't refuse? Or will he continue his double game of negotiating with one hand while supporting terror with the other? Consider this curious --
۱۵ سپتامبر ۱۹۹۳
◆
John Hannah
In-Depth Reports
Democracy in the Middle East:
Defining the Challenge
The promotion of democracy abroad, long a major tenet of U.S. foreign policy, has taken on newfound importance in the wake of the Soviet Union's collapse. President Clinton has promised to make the promotion of democracy a key element of his foreign policy. The Middle East, a region where autocratic
۱ اوت ۱۹۹۳
In-Depth Reports
Iraq: Options for U.S. Policy
The Clinton administration inherited a flawed Iraq policy from the Bush administration, but, in formulating a new policy, it has failed to accurately define those flaws. Its emphasis on "depersonalizing" the conflict with Iraq by shifting the focus from Saddam Hussein to Baghdad's compliance with relevant UN resolutions may mean
۱ ژوئن ۱۹۹۳
In-Depth Reports
Radical Middle East States and U.S. Policy
The challenge posed to the United States by the radical regimes in the Middle East -- Libya, Iraq, Iran, and Syria -- is one of the most important foreign policy issues facing Washington today. These regimes, although weakened by the demise of the USSR, have by no means been disabled
۱ ژوئن ۱۹۹۳
◆
Barry Rubin
In-Depth Reports
Like a Phoenix from the Ashes?
The Future of Iraqi Military Power
Despite its crushing defeat during the Gulf War, Iraq remains a potential regional power and the foremost long-term threat to U.S. interests in the Middle East. President Saddam Hussein remains committed to acquiring nuclear weapons, despite serious international sanctions and UN weapons inspections in Iraq. As a first step toward
۱ ژوئن ۱۹۹۳
◆
Michael Eisenstadt
In-Depth Reports
Challenges to U.S. Interests in the Middle East:
Obstacles and Opportunities
Keynote address by Martin Indyk. With Dennis Ross, Samuel Lewis, and others.
۱۸ مهٔ ۱۹۹۳
In-Depth Reports
The Clinton Administration's Approach to the Middle East
A keynote address by Martin Indyk, special advisor to President Bill Clinton and senior director of Near East and South Asian affairs on the National Security Council at The Washington Institute's 1993 Soref Symposium.
۱۸ مهٔ ۱۹۹۳
◆
Martin Indyk
In-Depth Reports
UN Resolution 242:
Building Block of Peacemaking
Preface Ever since its adoption by the United Nations Security Council on November 22, 1967, Resolution 242 has provided context for peacemaking efforts between Arabs and Israelis. It was the basis for the only peace treaty ever signed between Israel and an Arab country, Egypt, in 1979, and the foundation
۱ آوریل ۱۹۹۳
In-Depth Reports
Enduring Partnership:
Report of the Commission on U.S.-Israel Relations
The Commission on U.S.-Israel Relations was formed in May 1992 to examine the future of a unique and special relationship as both countries entered a new era. Its mandate was shaped by three dramatic developments that had emerged from the end of the Cold War and conflict in the Gulf
۱ آوریل ۱۹۹۳
In-Depth Reports
Peace with Security:
Israel's Minimal Security Requirements in Negotiations with Syria
Although the uncertain status of the Palestinians lies at the heart of the Arab-Israeli conflict, without Syria there simply can be no progress in the peace process. In the past, Syria was satisfied with the status quo and saw little need to establish peaceful relations with Israel. With the collapse
۱ آوریل ۱۹۹۳
◆
Zeev Schiff
In-Depth Reports
The Politics of Change in the Middle East
In the contemporary Middle East, threats of political instability are both real and imagined, and differentiating between the two is no easy task. Myths, such as the region's near-congenital predisposition for instability, abound, but when rapid change (e.g., Iraq's invasion of Kuwait) does occur, Western governments are often caught off-guard
۱ آوریل ۱۹۹۳
◆
Robert Satloff
In-Depth Reports
Iran's Challenge to the West:
How, When, and Why
Executive Summary The government of Islamic Iran has long been split between "radicals" and "moderates" on matters of economic and social policy. The principal changes instituted by the moderates after they came to power with the election of Hachemi Rafsanjani as President in 1989 have been a greater reliance on
۱ فوریهٔ ۱۹۹۳
In-Depth Reports
Palestinian Autonomy, Self-Government, and Peace
188 pages
۱ فوریهٔ ۱۹۹۳
In-Depth Reports
The 'Arab Street'?
Public Opinion in the Arab World
In the Middle East, the Gulf War shattered many stereotypes and preconceived notions, not least among them, about the so-called “Arab street.” Commentators regularly depict a mythologized and often demonized “Arab street”—an ominous urban mass that is sometimes depicted as intimidating regimes, sometimes as being held captive by them; and
۱ ژانویهٔ ۱۹۹۳
◆
David Pollock
PeaceWatch Anthology 1993
۱ ژانویهٔ ۱۹۹۳
In-Depth Reports
Pursuing Peace:
An American Strategy for the Arab-Israeli Peace Process
The end of the Cold War has created a unique opportunity to promote a comprehensive peace settlement between the Arabs and Israel. American interests are still vitally engaged in this troubled region and lasting Arab-Israeli agreements can help to protect and promote them. With the next administration inevitably preoccupied with
۱ نوامبر ۱۹۹۲
In-Depth Reports
The Future of the U.S.-Israel Relationship
The period in which we live today is unique, and we cannot assume that the conditions and forces that have created this moment in history will continue to be the same in the coming years. From the point of view of Israel, we live in a unique period created by
۱ سپتامبر ۱۹۹۲
In-Depth Reports
Water and the Peace Process:
Two Perspectives
Arabs and Israelis alike recognize the critical importance of water to the peace process and the future of regional economic cooperation. It is estimated that between 100 and 150 million cubic meters of the Yarmuk River waters flow to the Jordan River and are lost, unused in the Dead Sea
۱ سپتامبر ۱۹۹۲
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