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TWI English
TWI Arabic: اللغة العربية Fikra Forum

عراق

Policy Analysis on عراق

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Brief Analysis
Oil, Business, and the Future of Iraqi Sanctions
The most recent episode of the ongoing Iraq saga ended last week with at least one permanent member of the UN Security Council-Russia-committing itself to work for the end of UN sanctions, especially the oil export ban. Other Council members (e.g., France, China and Egypt) have also voiced strong support
۲۴ نوامبر ۱۹۹۷
Brief Analysis
The Doha Conference:
A Post-Mortem
With the world focused on the UN-Iraqi standoff, the fourth annual Middle East/North Africa (MENA) Economic Conference concluded quietly in Qatar earlier this week. As Arab world heavyweights Egypt and Saudi Arabia officially boycotted the proceedings, the MENA summit ended on an ambivalent note: Though viewed as a general success
۲۱ نوامبر ۱۹۹۷
◆
  • Lori Plotkin Boghardt
Brief Analysis
The Iraq Outcome:
A Hollow Victory for U.S. Policy
To the Clinton Administration, the Iraq crisis appears headed toward a satisfactory outcome. As a result of the UN Security Council's unanimous condemnation of Iraq and imposition of additional (if modest) new sanctions, Saddam seems to have succumbed to the will of the international community, with UNSCOM inspectors soon returning
۲۰ نوامبر ۱۹۹۷
◆
  • Robert Satloff
Brief Analysis
Military Action against Iraq:
Critical Considerations
As Secretary of State Madeleine Albright prepares to meet with the foreign ministers of Britain, France, and Russia tonight in Geneva to discuss a possible diplomatic solution to the standoff between Iraq and the UN, Washington continues preparations for a military option: the U.S.S. George Washington carrier battle group is
۱۹ نوامبر ۱۹۹۷
◆
  • Michael Eisenstadt
Brief Analysis
The Crisis with Iraq:
Options for U.S. Policy
Saddam Husayn probably had several motives in seeking to disrupt UN weapons inspections. First, he sought to undermine the effectiveness of the UN weapons inspectors, if not expel them altogether, because they are the main obstacle to his efforts to transform Iraq into a regional power. Second, Saddam currently has
۱۸ نوامبر ۱۹۹۷
◆
  • Michael Eisenstadt
  • Kenneth Pollack
Brief Analysis
Responding to Iraq:
Crises and Opportunities
On Wednesday, Iraq announced that the American inspectors of the United Nations Special Commission on Iraq (UNSCOM) had one week to leave the country. For good measure, Baghdad demanded that UNSCOM cease using American U-2 spy planes as part of its efforts to enforce the dismantling of Iraq's weapons of
۳۱ اکتبر ۱۹۹۷
◆
  • Kenneth Pollack
Brief Analysis
Iraqi Violations of UN Resolutions since the Gulf War
Iraq's announcement yesterday banning the participation of U.S. citizens in future inspection missions of the UN Special Commission investigating Iraq's weapons of mass destruction program is the latest in a long series of Iraqi challenges to the UN Security Council. Since the end of the Gulf War, however, the Security
۳۰ اکتبر ۱۹۹۷
Brief Analysis
Fragility of Modern Arab States:
The Case of Iraq
The nation-state is not a familiar concept in the Middle East. It has no equivalent in the political traditions of the region. In classical Islam the state is a theocracy, a community of God governed by the Prophet Muhammad and his immediate successors. Such a state was not constrained by
۲۳ ژوئن ۱۹۹۷
Brief Analysis
An Iraqi-Syrian Entente?
Prospects and Implications
On June 2, after a seventeen-year closure, Syria opened its border at three points to its neighbor and long-time rival Iraq. The move, coming amidst unusual reciprocal visits of Iraqi and Syrian business delegations to each others' capitals, suggests an economic marriage of convenience. There is a possibility, however, that
۱۱ ژوئن ۱۹۹۷
In-Depth Reports
A Chronology of Diminishing Response:
UN Reactions to Iraqi Provocations since the Gulf War
Offers a chronological summary and analysis of UN reactions to Iraq's most flagrant violations of relevant UN resolutions from the end of the Gulf War through April 1997. The author shows that Security Council responses to Iraqi violations became noticeably forgiving over time -- particularly when compared with Council reactions
۱ ژوئن ۱۹۹۷
◆
  • Greg Saiontz
Brief Analysis
Jordan's Agenda:
Israel, Iraq, and the Home Front
With Arab League foreign ministers, meeting in Cairo today, taking their most critical stance against Israel since the start of the Madrid peace process—"recommending" that member-states "stop all normalization" with Israel, suspend participation in the multilateral talks, and "reactivate" the Arab boycott—tomorrow's meeting between President Clinton and Jordan's King Hussein
۳۱ مارس ۱۹۹۷
◆
  • Lori Plotkin Boghardt
Brief Analysis
Beyond 'Containment' of Iraq:
An Action Plan for U.S. Policy
On March 26, 1997, Secretary of State Madeleine Albright is scheduled to deliver her first major speech on Middle East policy-her focus, Iraq. Strengthening U.S. policy toward Iraq was a key theme of The Washington Institute's recently released Presidential Study Group report, Building for Security and Peace in the Middle
۲۴ مارس ۱۹۹۷
Brief Analysis
Dismantling Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction:
A Progress Report
UNSCOM was established in April 1991 to monitor along with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Iraqi compliance with Resolution 687 (the cease fire resolution that concluded the 1991 Persian Gulf War). Resolution 687 requires Iraq to dismantle its weapons of mass destruction (WMD), and links the lifting of the
۵ فوریه ۱۹۹۷
Brief Analysis
Iraq and UNSCOM:
A Crucial Test for U.S. Policy
Four years ago this month, Iraqi President Saddam Husayn tried to strengthen his hand against President-elect Clinton by rebuffing UN weapons inspectors, spiriting anti-ship missiles out of a former Iraqi naval base in Kuwait, and challenging no-fly zones in northern and southern Iraq. As he begins his second term, President
۲۱ ژانویه ۱۹۹۷
◆
  • Michael Eisenstadt
Brief Analysis
Jordan:
Between Israel and Iraq
Jordan's position as a bridge between the Levant and the Persian Gulf, coupled with her small size and lack of natural resources, have created its unique geopolitical role in the Middle East. Despite being surrounded by powerful neighbors, Jordan consistently exercises an independent approach to achieve its national interests. Perhaps
۳۰ دسامبر ۱۹۹۶
Brief Analysis
Tightening the Rules on Iraqi Oil Sales
For the United States, supporting UN Security Council Resolution 986 is a gamble. Washington hopes that the "oil-for-food" deal will be a trap that will reduce pressure to lift the rest of Iraqi sanctions, thereby thwarting Saddam Hussein's strategy to win the end of sanctions by playing on international sympathy
۱۲ دسامبر ۱۹۹۶
◆
  • Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Saddam Husayn Conquers Irbil:
Causes and Implications
While U.S. officials were in London on Friday evening, resting between mediation sessions with representatives of both main Kurdish factions, Saddam Husayn ordered his panzers into Irbil. The few Kurdish and Iraqi National Congress defenders of Irbil were overwhelmed by the more than 40,000 members of the three Republican Guard
۱۰ دسامبر ۱۹۹۶
Articles & Testimony
Target Iraq's Republican Guard
America's inability to devise an effective response to Saddam Husayn's recent reassertion of government control over parts of northern Iraq has spurred calls for a reassessment of Washington's policy toward Baghdad. Some analysts call for the breakup of Iraq, to end the threat Saddam poses to the region and to
۱ دسامبر ۱۹۹۶
Brief Analysis
Toward a More Realistic Northern Iraq Policy
Seeking to achieve stability in northern Iraq as part of a longer-term effort to bring down Saddam Hussein, Assistant Secretary of State Robert Pelletreau this week completed a round of meetings in Turkey with feuding Iraqi Kurdish leaders. However, prospects for success of this effort are minimal, the durability of
۲۴ اکتبر ۱۹۹۶
◆
  • Alan Makovsky
Brief Analysis
Whither the Iraqi Opposition?
The Future of the Iraqi National Congress
In 1992 a spectrum of Iraqi dissidents met in Vienna, Austria and then in Salahuddin, northern Iraq (under Kurdish control), and established the Iraqi National Congress (INC) to lead the opposition to Saddam Hussein. The INC opposes the use of force as the solution for ethnic and nationality problems and
۲۵ سپتامبر ۱۹۹۶

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