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TWI Arabic: اللغة العربية Fikra Forum

عراق

Policy Analysis on عراق

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In-Depth Reports
Crises After the Storm:
An Appraisal of U.S. Airpower in Iraq since 1991
Subsequent to the U.S.-led coalition's victory in Operation Desert Storm and Iraq's expulsion from Kuwait, the United States and the UN instituted a policy of "broad containment." The objectives of this policy were to keep Saddam weak politically and limit his military freedom of action in the region by supporting
۱ ژانویهٔ ۱۹۹۹
◆
  • Paul K. White
Brief Analysis
Air Power against Iraq:
An Assessment
Last week's Operation Desert Fox by British and American air forces against Iraq was more or less comparable in size to Operation Deliberate Force against Serbian forces in 1995. The 1991 Operation Desert Storm was much larger, but it included a tremendous effort against Iraqi ground forces that was not
۲۳ دسامبر ۱۹۹۸
◆
  • Eliot Cohen
Brief Analysis
How to Use the Bombing to Advance Long-Term U.S. Goals for Iraq
The current bombing campaign against Iraq is clearly not going to solve all U.S. problems with Iraq. The issue of the day is then: how can the bombing be used to advance long-term U.S. goals? Ratchet up the Pressure. The United States seems intent on convincing Saddam Husayn that the
۱۷ دسامبر ۱۹۹۸
◆
  • Patrick Clawson
  • Michael Eisenstadt
Articles & Testimony
Show of Farce:
Why Our Iraq Policy Won't Work
The Clinton administration's Iraq policy has been to "keep Saddam in his box" by doing everything possible to keep U.N. inspectors and international economic sanctions in place. But actually Saddam has boxed us in. True, the sanctions must be having some effect, because Saddam complains about them so much. Indeed
۷ دسامبر ۱۹۹۸
◆
  • Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Crisis with Iraq:
What Now? What's Next?
Three factors were cited by U.S. officials as reasons not to strike Iraq, none of which is convincing. First was the fear that air strikes would signal the death knell of UNSCOM. In fact, experience shows that Saddam has repeatedly backed down when threatened, and does not take risks when
۲۵ نوامبر ۱۹۹۸
◆
  • Michael Eisenstadt
  • Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Kuwait, Iraq, and Challenges in the Gulf
On November 10, 1998, Gen. Fahad al-Amir, deputy chief of staff of the Kuwaiti Armed Forces, addressed The Washington Institute's Special Policy Forum. The following is a rapporteur's summary of his remarks. Read a full transcript. Kuwait's participation in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) is strong and committed. Members of
۱۲ نوامبر ۱۹۹۸
Brief Analysis
The Implications of Bombing Iraq
The Clinton administration is debating how to respond to Iraq's August 5 limits on the United Nations Special Commission on Iraq (UNSCOM) and its October 31 cessation of any cooperation with UNSCOM. To understand why force is being considered again requires examining each of the major problems facing the United
۹ نوامبر ۱۹۹۸
◆
  • Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Kurdish Agreement Signals New U.S. Commitment
Turkey's weekend decision to boost diplomatic ties with Saddam Hussein to ambassadorial level highlights widespread regional opposition to an agreement between two long-feuding Iraqi Kurdish leaders signed in Washington earlier this month. The agreement affirms the Iraqi Kurds' desire to avoid further inter-factional fighting and to prevent Saddam's return to
۲۹ سپتامبر ۱۹۹۸
◆
  • Alan Makovsky
Articles & Testimony
U.S. Policy Options toward Iraq
Testimony before the House National Security Committee U.S. policy toward Iraq is at a turning point. Decisions made in the coming weeks and months will affect American interests in the Middle East and the fate of the region for years to come. Unfortunately, there is no clear, obvious solutions to
۱۶ سپتامبر ۱۹۹۸
◆
  • Michael Eisenstadt
Brief Analysis
Uncovering Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction:
Past Achievements, Current Challenges
It is impossible to determine exactly what Iraq is concealing because Iraq has not accurately reported what it had to begin with. Therefore, it is not possible to produce a precise material balance of initial and current holdings. However, it is possible -- using data derived from Iraqi documents in
۸ سپتامبر ۱۹۹۸
Articles & Testimony
The So-Called 'Diplomatic Option'
Richard Murphy's Aug. 25 op-ed piece in support of the administration's "new diplomatic approach" toward Iraq is a recipe for disaster. Ambassador Murphy asserts that this "new approach . . . may prove more effective" than the policy abandoned by the administration after the last confrontation with Iraq that ended
۸ سپتامبر ۱۹۹۸
◆
  • Michael Eisenstadt
Brief Analysis
America, Iraq, and UNSCOM:
On the Record
Saddam Husayn's refusal to cooperate with United Nations Special Commission (UNSCOM) has re-opened a confrontation with the U.N. and the United States that was temporarily resolved through Kofi Annan's diplomatic efforts in February 1998. Over the course of that earlier crisis, U.S. officials made strong statements about the threat posed
۱۳ اوت ۱۹۹۸
Brief Analysis
Building toward Crisis:
Saddam Husayn's Strategy for Survival
On July 29, 1998, Amatzia Baram, an associate professor in the Department of Modern History of the Middle East at Haifa University and the recipient of The Washington Institute's 1998 Ira Weiner Fellowship, addressed the Institute's Special Policy Forum to discuss the findings of his new book, Building toward Crisis
۷ اوت ۱۹۹۸
Brief Analysis
Saddam Husayn Prepares for an October Confrontation
On July 21, Iraq's ruling Revolutionary Command Council "strongly warned that it will not allow any party . . [including] the United States or UNSCOM [to] prolong the embargo." This developed a theme introduced in Saddam Husayn's speech on the July 17th anniversary of the 1968 Ba'th revolution. The July
۲۲ ژوئیهٔ ۱۹۹۸
Brief Analysis
Iraq Strategy Review:
Options for U.S. Policy
On July 7, 1998, Patrick Clawson, research director at The Washington Institute; Andrew Parasiliti, director of programs at the Middle East Institute; and Kenneth Pollack, research fellow at The Washington Institute addressed a Special Policy Forum marking the release of Iraq Strategy Review, an Institute study outlining the different possible
۱۰ ژوئیهٔ ۱۹۹۸
◆
  • Patrick Clawson
  • Kenneth Pollack
In-Depth Reports
Building toward Crisis:
Saddam Husayn's Strategy for Survival
Saddam Husayn and Iraq have undergone a remarkable transformation since 1995, when Saddam was fighting for his very survival. Today, Saddam seems firmly in control in Iraq. He has pacified his family and bought time with the tribes, restored some of the Republican Guard's shattered pride, and apparently convinced his
۱ ژوئیهٔ ۱۹۹۸
In-Depth Reports
Iraq Strategy Review:
Options for U.S. Policy
Iraq has been a continuing problem for U.S. policy, as was brought home during the November 1997-February 1998 crisis. Whereas much dissatisfaction was heard about the current policy, the popular debate exposed the difficulties with alternative courses of action. The challenge posed by Iraq for U.S. policy has some enduring
۱ ژوئیهٔ ۱۹۹۸
◆
  • Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Bringing Saddam to Justice:
A Status Report
In order to assess policy implications of war crimes tribunals, it is essential to understand the nature of these crimes. The term "war crimes" refers to a body of law more than five hundred years old, though it is profoundly shaped by World War II and the Holocaust. When in
۲ ژوئن ۱۹۹۸
Brief Analysis
U.S. Policy in the Gulf:
Five Years of Dual Containment
On May 6, 1998, Bruce Riedel, special assistant to the president and senior director of Near East and South Asian Affairs at the National Security Council, addressed The Washington Institute's Soref Symposium. The following are excerpts from his speech. Read a full transcript. When President Clinton was elected in 1992
۸ مهٔ ۱۹۹۸
In-Depth Reports
U.S. Policy in the Gulf:
Five Years of Dual Containment
It is a great pleasure to be here this evening to speak to this audience on the subject of U.S. policy in the Gulf. I would especially like to thank Rob Satloff for inviting me. Five years ago, of course, my predecessor, Martin Indyk, addressed the Institute on our policy
۶ مهٔ ۱۹۹۸

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