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خلیج و سیاست حوزه انرژی

Policy Analysis on خلیج و سیاست حوزه انرژی

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Saddam and the Economic Lever:

Whither Sanctions?

A UN approved Jordanian "humanitarian" flight into Baghdad today punctuates a month of air travel to Iraq unprecedented since 1991. The flight, following similar flights in recent weeks by France and Russia, is significant as Jordan is a key U.S. ally and a recipient of substantial U.S. foreign assistance. The

۲۷ سپتامبر ۲۰۰۰

David Schenker

The OPEC Summit in Caracas:

A Testing Time for Oil

Does this week's summit of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in the Venezuelan capital, Caracas, mark the return of OPEC as a force in world politics and economics? Not really, though oil market conditions this winter may put OPEC members in a powerful position. Background: OPEC's Role In

۲۶ سپتامبر ۲۰۰۰

Simon Henderson

The Arab World and the Millennium Summit:

Avoiding the Globalization Challenge

Unlike the nearly two hundred other world leaders who spoke at last week's Millennium Summit, virtually every Arab head of state delivered a speech that avoided the conclave's main theme--meeting the economic and political challenge of globalization. Instead, they spoke about preserving Arab rights in the context of the Israeli-Palestinian

۱۳ سپتامبر ۲۰۰۰

Articles & Testimony

Containing Iran:

The Necessity of U.S. Sanctions

Sanctions on Iran have made an important contribution to U.S. security by depriving the Iranian government of the revenue it could otherwise have used for a military build-up. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Iran announced agreements with various suppliers to purchase many more weapons than it actually acquired

۱ ژوئیهٔ ۲۰۰۰

Patrick Clawson

Saudi Family Council Suggests Transition Is Imminent

The surprise announcement on June 4 of the establishment and first meeting of a Saudi royal family council indicates that the kingdom is preparing itself for a shift in full authority from the ailing King Fahd to his deputy, Crown Prince Abdullah. The change should bring to an end the

۹ ژوئن ۲۰۰۰

Simon Henderson

King Abdullah and the Future of Jordan's Economic Orientation

Tonight, Jordan's King Abdullah arrives in Washington for a two-day visit that will include discussions with President Bill Clinton and appointments with chief executive officers of top U.S. technology firms. In a departure from the usual emphasis with the peace process, this visit will focus on Jordanian domestic issues, specifically

۵ ژوئن ۲۰۰۰

David Schenker

Tightening World Oil Markets Increase Political Risk

A robust world economy is driving up oil consumption, while supply is growing slowly. The global safety margin, from oil stocks and excess capacity, is shrinking. By later this year, world oil markets could be in a rather delicate balance--a balance vulnerable to a political shock, such as might be

۲۷ آوریل ۲۰۰۰

Patrick Clawson

The Oil Market, the Middle East, and Saudi Policy

Recently, Nawaf Obaid, author of The Washington Institute's recent book The Oil Kingdom at 100: Petroleum Policy Making in Saudi Arabia, and Edward Morse, executive adviser at the Hess Energy Trading Company, addressed the Institute's Special Policy Forum. The following is a rapporteur’s summary of their remarks. EDWARD MORSE The

۵ آوریل ۲۰۰۰

Exceeding Expectations:

Bahrain One Year after Succession

March 6 marks the one-year anniversary of the succession of Shaykh Hamad bin Isa al-Khalifa in Bahrain following the death of his father, Shaykh Isa Bin Salman al-Khalifa, who had ruled the Persian Gulf nation since independence in 1971. A Strategic Ally. Bahrain is an important ally in America's drive

۲ مارس ۲۰۰۰

Articles & Testimony

A Look at Sanctioning Iraq

The U.N. economic sanctions on Iraq, now more than nine years old, continue to elicit strong objections from those who view them as unjust. Only two weeks ago, Hans von Sponeck, the U.N. humanitarian coordinator for Iraq, resigned. The sanctions, he said, create a "true human tragedy that needs to

۲۷ فوریهٔ ۲۰۰۰

Patrick Clawson

Jordan's Economy under Abdullah:

After leaving Davos as one of the stars of the World Economic Forum this week, King Abdullah returns to a country that, in 1999, registered its fourth negative real growth rate in a row. Indeed, from the beginning of his rule, Jordan's new monarch has recognized that confronting Jordan's deep

۳ فوریهٔ ۲۰۰۰

Robert Satloff
Patrick Clawson

Syria's Economy:

Prospects for Peace, Aid, and Market Reform

DANIELA GRESSANI In many ways, Syria's economy is not very different from that of other countries in the region. Oil is important, accounting for 60 percent of exports. Agriculture is more important than might be expected on the basis of natural endowment: it contributes about 20 percent of the gross

۳۱ ژانویهٔ ۲۰۰۰

Patrick Clawson

Crucial Tests Await New Saudi Oil Council

This week the major oil companies are expected to announce big increases in profits, a reflection of the current high oil prices which last week soared to their highest level since the 1991 Gulf War. But apart from benefiting shareholders and helping fill the depleted financial coffers of Middle Eastern

۲۴ ژانویهٔ ۲۰۰۰

Simon Henderson

In-Depth Reports

Holier Than Thou:

Saudi Arabia's Islamic Opposition

Although Saudi Arabia is popularly perceived as the most religious of Arab countries, the question of who in the kingdom determines its dominant Islamic discourse has been the subject of controversy since the state's founding. The formation of Saudi Arabia in the early twentieth century involved the unique harnessing of

۱ ژانویهٔ ۲۰۰۰

In-Depth Reports

The Oil Kingdom at 100:

Petroleum Policymaking in Saudi Arabia

۱ ژانویهٔ ۲۰۰۰

Caspian Energy Accords:

A Job Half Done

The November 18 signing of a pipeline accord in the Turkish port city of Istanbul, in the presence of President Clinton, gives further momentum to the oil export link project between Baku, the capital of the Caspian littoral state of Azerbaijan, and Ceyhan, on Turkey's Mediterranean coast. Another piece of

۱ دسامبر ۱۹۹۹

Simon Henderson

Peace in the Middle East and the Jordanian Economy

On September 30, 1999, Rima Khalaf-Hunaidi, Jordan's deputy prime minister and minister of planning and the highest female official in the Arab world, addressed The Washington Institute's Special Policy Forum. The following is a rapporteur's summary of her remarks. Read a full transcript. High Expectations, Disappointing Outcomes When Jordan and

۱۲ اکتبر ۱۹۹۹

Saudi Succession:

The Return of King Fahd

King Fahd returned to Saudi Arabia last week after spending more than two months at his palace in southern Spain on what was described as a vacation. Because he is quite old and in poor health, Fahd is no longer the sole top decision maker of the world’s largest oil

۵ اکتبر ۱۹۹۹

Simon Henderson

OPEC Keeps Prices High, But Remains Caught in Mideast Politics

Last week's meeting of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) revealed at once the new power of the organization to manage world oil prices, as well as the fault lines that could undermine the group's current consensus. Maintaining Discipline Keeps Prices High By maintaining the production cuts that the

۳۰ سپتامبر ۱۹۹۹

Good Vibes, Little Cash in Store for Ecevit

Turkish prime minister Bulent Ecevit's meeting with U.S. president Bill Clinton tomorrow will produce warm atmospherics but no major earthquake-related aid. Washington had planned to make loan guarantees the centerpiece of both its relief package and Ecevit's trip. Reportedly unhappy with what it considered a low figure, however, Ankara indicated

۲۷ سپتامبر ۱۹۹۹

Alan Makovsky

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Supported by the

Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy

The Washington Institute's Bernstein Program on Gulf and Energy Policy embodies the Institute's long-term research focus on the conservative Arab Gulf states -- Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the UAE, and Oman -- and the key role these countries play collectively as a primary source of the world's oil and natural gas.

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