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All Policy Analysis by Patrick Clawson
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Brief Analysis
What Do the Sudan/Afghanistan Strikes Harbinger?
The U.S. cruise missile attacks on the Sudanese chemical weapons precursor plant and the Afghanistan terrorist camps raises questions about the future direction of U.S. policy on several fronts: the emphasis on state linkages to terrorism, the means used to counter proliferation, the role of law enforcement and military force
۲۱ اوت ۱۹۹۸
◆
Patrick Clawson
Michael Eisenstadt
Alan Makovsky
David Schenker
Brief Analysis
Iraq Strategy Review:
Options for U.S. Policy
On July 7, 1998, Patrick Clawson, research director at The Washington Institute; Andrew Parasiliti, director of programs at the Middle East Institute; and Kenneth Pollack, research fellow at The Washington Institute addressed a Special Policy Forum marking the release of Iraq Strategy Review, an Institute study outlining the different possible
۱۰ ژوئیهٔ ۱۹۹۸
◆
Patrick Clawson
Kenneth Pollack
Brief Analysis
U.S. Military Aid to Egypt:
Assessment and Recommendations
This is the second in a two-part series on the topic "U.S. Aid to Egypt: Building a Partnership for the 21st Century." Read Part I. The question of U.S. military aid to Egypt poses an unusual policy dilemma: should it go up or down? On one hand, Egypt's strategic location
۸ ژوئیهٔ ۱۹۹۸
◆
Robert Satloff
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
U.S. Economic Aid to Egypt:
Designing a New, Pro-Growth Package
This is the first in a two-part series on the topic "U.S. Aid to Egypt: Building a Partnership for the 21st Century." Read Part II. For the first time in nearly twenty years, the United States will soon revamp foreign aid to Israel and Egypt. Given the centrality of these
۷ ژوئیهٔ ۱۹۹۸
◆
Robert Satloff
Patrick Clawson
In-Depth Reports
Iraq Strategy Review:
Options for U.S. Policy
Iraq has been a continuing problem for U.S. policy, as was brought home during the November 1997-February 1998 crisis. Whereas much dissatisfaction was heard about the current policy, the popular debate exposed the difficulties with alternative courses of action. The challenge posed by Iraq for U.S. policy has some enduring
۱ ژوئیهٔ ۱۹۹۸
◆
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Khobar Towers' Lessons for Counterterrorism and Gulf Policy
Two years after the death of 19 Americans in the June 25, 1996 bombing of the Khobar Towers in Dhahran, it is appropriate to consider the quandaries for U.S. terrorism policy that the bombing exposed. The hope that U.S. investigators could identify the perpetrators of bombings overseas as readily as
۲۴ ژوئن ۱۹۹۸
◆
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
EU vs. Israel on Trade:
Peace Process Posturing or Commercial Dispute?
The Council of Ministers from European Union (EU) governments is due to meet June 29 to discuss the recommendations of the EU Commission -- the Brussels bureaucracy -- to impose restrictions on trade with Israel. At stake is more than an arcane trade dispute. Because of this matter, Manuel Marin
۲۳ ژوئن ۱۹۹۸
◆
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Iran:
One Year after Khatemi's Election
Iran has become pragmatic. The pragmatism began not with Khatemi but with the first day of the revolution. As happens with any ideological revolution, there is a significant change between the ideology while in opposition and the policy upon taking power. This bitter reality has forced Iran to deviate from
۸ ژوئن ۱۹۹۸
◆
Patrick Clawson
Michael Eisenstadt
Articles & Testimony
U.S. Sanctions on Iran:
What Has Been Achieved and at What Cost?
Testimony before the House Committee on International Relations The U.S. sanctions on Iran have imposed costs on the U.S. economy, but those have been small compared to the benefits. When the sanctions were adopted, the weight of expert opinion was that they would have little effect on Iran. The Financial
۳ ژوئن ۱۹۹۸
◆
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
'Oil for Food' or the End of Sanctions?
While Kofi Annan's diplomacy has received headlines, another Security Council action last week-approval of United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1153 on February 20-was subject to remarkably little scrutiny. This resolution, designed to expand the existing oil-for-food program with Iraq, was intended to blunt criticism from Arab and others as
۲۶ فوریهٔ ۱۹۹۸
◆
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Khatemi's Dialogue with America, Not with Washington
Iranian President Mohammad Khatemi's January 7 interview on CNN was long on history but short on policy indicatives. The most striking aspect of was that he gave it, not what he said. Khatemi is staking his prestige on foreign policy, which is surprising from a man whose entire career and
۸ ژانویهٔ ۱۹۹۸
◆
Patrick Clawson
Articles & Testimony
The Clinton Doctrine
Bill Clinton, the first post Cold War president, may be joining a select Cold War club. Since World War II, several presidents have had foreign policy axioms associated with their names: the Truman Doctrine, which launched containment; the Carter Doctrine, declaring the Persian Gulf a vital interest: the Reagan Doctrine
۲۸ دسامبر ۱۹۹۷
◆
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Dual Containment:
Revive It or Replace It?
Washington must face the problem that both the large powers in the Persian Gulf-Iran and Iraq-have regimes unwilling to live in peace with their neighbors or the United States. Several approaches to these vexatious regimes tried by the West have been unsuccessful. Both the reliance on a regional power to
۱۸ دسامبر ۱۹۹۷
◆
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Prospects for Dialogue with Iran:
Implications for U.S. Policy
When Mohammed Khatemi was unexpectedly elected president in May 1997, he was called in Iran "Ayatollah Gorbachev," in the expectation the system could fall apart if it opened up. While it is too early too ascertain whether Khatemi's welcome rhetoric is matched by substantive changes in Iranian behavior, his recent
۱۶ دسامبر ۱۹۹۷
◆
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Khatemi, the Search for Iranian 'Moderates,' and U.S. Policy
In banner headlines, newspapers across America heralded the surprise victor in Iran's May 23 presidential election - Mohammad Khatemi - as a moderate. This, in fact, marks at least the fourth attempt by the United States to find influential moderates among Iran's leadership since the revolution. In 1980, the Islamic
۵ ژوئن ۱۹۹۷
◆
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Iranian Presidential Elections:
A Preview
Two-hundred and thirty-eight Iranians submitted their candidacy for the presidency, but the Council of Guardians, a group of senior clerics appointed by the supreme spiritual leader, only approved four. The two leading contenders are Ali Akbar Nateq-Nuri, present speaker of the Majles (parliament), and Mohammad Khatami, the former minister of
۲۲ مهٔ ۱۹۹۷
◆
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Europe's 'Critical Dialogue' with Iran:
Pressure for Change
Tomorrow, a German court will announce the verdict in the "Mykonos" trial, in which the Iranian government has been implicated in the murder in Berlin of four Kurdish leaders. The Mykonos case is one of a series of recent events suggesting a serious deterioration of European relations with Iran. Increasing
۹ آوریل ۱۹۹۷
◆
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Tightening the Rules on Iraqi Oil Sales
For the United States, supporting UN Security Council Resolution 986 is a gamble. Washington hopes that the "oil-for-food" deal will be a trap that will reduce pressure to lift the rest of Iraqi sanctions, thereby thwarting Saddam Hussein's strategy to win the end of sanctions by playing on international sympathy
۱۲ دسامبر ۱۹۹۶
◆
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Iranian Terror against Americans?
Possible U.S. Responses
The past week has seen speculation by Defense Secretary William Perry tying Iran to the recent bombing of U.S. military personnel in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia and a report in Time linking Iran to the downing of TWA 800. How might the U.S. respond if these reports are true? A New
۷ اوت ۱۹۹۶
◆
Michael Eisenstadt
Patrick Clawson
Brief Analysis
Conservatives Gain Strength in Tehran
Contrary to initial analyses of the April elections, it is now clear that conservative ideologues_not the reputedly more pro-Western supporters of President Rafsanjani_are the dominant force in the Iranian Majlis. That result, plus early Iranian presidential politicking, makes prospects for U.S.-Iranian dialogue as unlikely as ever and could foreshadow an
۲۳ ژوئیهٔ ۱۹۹۶
◆
Patrick Clawson
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