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Articles & Testimony

Turkey's New Political Balance:

Old AKP and New Kemalism

Turkey's protracted political battle between the governing Justice and Development Party, or AKP, and its opponents reached a crescendo this month with the Turkish Parliament's vote on proposed constitutional amendments. The battle over the amendments represented the zenith of the country's dangerous polarization between two broad political camps congregated around

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Articles & Testimony

AKP, Alcohol, and Government-Engineered Social Change in Turkey

Since the Justice and Development Party, or AKP, rose to power in Turkey in 2002, special taxes on alcohol have increased dramatically, making a glass of wine or beer one of the most expensive in Europe, and for that purpose anywhere in the world. The AKP leadership is known for

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Articles & Testimony

New U.S. National Security Strategy and Implications for Turkey

On April 21, President Obama's National Security Advisor General (Ret.) Jim Jones gave a rare public speech on U.S. Middle East Policy at The Washington Institute's 2010 Soref Symposium. During his address, he focused on the new U.S. National Security Strategy that will be unveiled in the coming weeks. What

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What is the Purpose of the U.S. Foreign Terrorist Organizations List?

The United States maintains a range of "terrorist lists," of which the Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTO) list is one of the better known. But in two recent court cases, the U.S. government has offered arguments that raise questions about the purpose of the list. FTO List vs. State Sponsors List

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Patrick Clawson

Articles & Testimony

Republic of Fear

Last week's arrests in Turkey of dozens of high-ranking military officers mark the country's latest step toward authoritarianism. Neither Europe nor the United States can afford to ignore Turkey's transformation. Since coming to power in 2002, the ruling Islamist Justice and Development Party, or AKP, and the ultra-conservative Fethullah Gulen

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Articles & Testimony

Who Lost Ergenekon:

The View from Washington

When the Ergenekon case started in 2007 based on allegations of a coup plot against the Justice and Development Party, or AKP, government, Washington agreed: "this is serious stuff." Three years, two hundred arrests, hundreds of house raids and wiretaps and a 5,800-page indictment later, with no verdict in sight

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Articles & Testimony

Turkey's Republic of Fear

Last week's arrests in Turkey of dozens of high-ranking military officers mark the country's latest step toward authoritarianism. Neither Europe nor the United States can afford to ignore Turkey's transformation. Since coming to power in 2002, the ruling Islamist Justice and Development Party (AKP) and ultra-conservative Fethullah Gulen Movement have

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Articles & Testimony

Endangered Democracy

All bets are off in Turkey. Its Islamist ruling coalition faces the secular courts and the military in a final showdown for Turkey's soul. In the balance hangs Turkey's immediate future. Will it move closer to the liberal democracies or away from them? Turkish politics have been riven by tension

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Articles & Testimony

What's Really behind Turkey's Coup Arrests?

For the last several decades, the Turkish military was untouchable; no one dared to criticize the military or its top generals, lest they risk getting burned. The Turkish Armed Forces were the ultimate protectors of founding father Kemal Ataturk's secular legacy, and no other force in the country could seriously

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Articles & Testimony

Turkey's Turning Point

Turkey's Islamist ruling coalition faces the courts and military in a showdown for the nation's future. Will Turkey move closer to the liberal democracies or away from them? This tension has riven Turkey since its founding as a secular state by Ataturk. But the strains are peaking now. The ruling

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Articles & Testimony

Assessing Turkish Foreign Policy under AKP

The AKP's handling of foreign policy is one of the areas that generates most intense domestic debate and international scrutiny of Turkey's ruling party. Turkey's traditional allies have been somewhat neglected as the AKP has pursued a more enthusiastic policy toward anti-Western states. Soner Cagaptay examines what this policy has

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Articles & Testimony

What Could Erdogan Learn from Obama?

Today, most Turks agree that their country needs a new Constitution. There is disagreement, however, on how this Constitution should be drafted. The governing Justice and Development Party, or AKP, needs 367 of the 550 votes in Parliament to pass a new Constitution. It currently has 337 deputies. A referendum

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Articles & Testimony

Women's Work Is in the Home?

Critics of Turkey's ruling party fear that its conservatism is going too far, leading, among other things, to exclusion of women in the workforce. Soner Cagaptay and Rueya Perincek assess the implications, both domestically and with regard to the country's accession to the European Union. © IHS (Global) Limited, Jane's

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Articles & Testimony

Defeating Islamists at the Ballot

Whenever the United States pushes for elections in the Middle East and Muslim countries, Islamist parties often perform well -- better than liberal, nationalist, and secular parties -- a phenomenon that has occurred even in secular Turkey. Are U.S. efforts to promote democracy in Muslim countries as well as block

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Articles & Testimony

The AKP's Hamas Policy

Why are Turks turning anti-Western and why do they view themselves in conflict the West? Examining the development of Turkish policies toward Israel and Hamas since the Justice and Development Party (AKP) came to power in 2002 can provide many lessons.

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Articles & Testimony

The Diyanet and Laicite:

New Turkish Exports to Europe

European secularism, or laicite, practiced in France and other European countries, is distinct from American secularism. While the United States is secular, providing for freedom of religion in education and politics, European societies are laique, providing for freedom from religion in education and politics. Secularism, however, is not a standardized

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Articles & Testimony

No Women, No Europe

The first president of the European Union, Herman Van Rompuy, is a known opponent of Turkey's EU membership. Mr. Van Rompuy may find it easy to stick to his position: seven years after the Justice and Development Party, or AKP, rose to power in Ankara, Turkey is sliding away from

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Articles & Testimony

Turks vs. Kurds

Turkey's Kurdish problem, a long and bitter conflict, has taken a vicious new turn in recent weeks as ordinary Kurds and Turks have started fighting in the streets. That might sound like nothing new, but it is: although Ankara and the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) have fought each other since

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Articles & Testimony

Offending the Turks

This article also appeared in Hurriyet Daily News on January 15, 2010. The diplomatic spat between Israel's Deputy Foreign Minister Danny Ayalon and the Turkish ambassador Oguz Celikkol on Monday was the worst thing that could have happened to the already strained Ankara-Jerusalem ties. Relations between Turkey and Israel have

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Articles & Testimony

Dangerous Violence:

Turkey's Emerging Ethnic Fault Line

Rising social violence between Kurds and non-Kurds in Turkey, with daily incidents occurring, is an unusual, and therefore alarming, phenomenon. This violence has been spurred as much by the recent Kurdish opening, which has created a backlash against Kurdish nationalism, as it has been by the closing of the Kurdish

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