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Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Erdogan Unlikely to Back Down in Mediterranean Despite Oil and Gas Glut
The low price of oil and gas has not deterred Ankara from continuing to explore disputed waters around the divided island of Cyprus. The Turkish government’s upstream offensive—a combined effort of the state-owned Turkish Petroleum (TPAO) and the Turkish navy—in the East Mediterranean is clearly being driven by its Blue
Jun 23, 2020
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Anthony Skinner
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Erdogan’s Influence in Europe: A Swedish Case Study
In August 2019, Mikail Yüksel—a Swedish politician of Turkish origin—founded a new party in Sweden called ‘ Nyans’ (Nuance). Yüksel, formerly a member of Sweden’s small liberal, slightly left-wing, Center-party, started the new party after being forced to resign on the cusp of Sweden’s elections to the European Parliament, where
Jun 4, 2020
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Magnus Norell
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Turkey’s Intervention in Libya Disrupts the UAE but Opens the Door for Russia
In a strong and extraordinary statement, the Pentagon accused Moscow on Tuesday of dispatching fighter jets to Libya to bolster Kremlin-linked mercenaries in support of the eastern based commander of the Libyan National Army (LNA), Khalifa Haftar. The move marks a dramatic escalation in Russia's role in the Libyan conflict
Jun 1, 2020
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Mohamed Eljarh
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Migrants Likely to Remain Pawns in Turkey-EU Relations for Years to Come
With the spread of coronavirus restricting travel, European leaders are meeting virtually with Ankara this week in an attempt to resuscitate and potentially fine-tune a flawed migration deal from 2016, which has now effectively collapsed. This will come as the second attempt in less than a month to reach an
Mar 17, 2020
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Anthony Skinner
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Syrian Battlefields Divide Adversaries; Lucrative Border Crossings Bring Them Together
Despite the collapse of the Syrian economy due to the ongoing war that has raged for years, Syria’s war economy benefits those known as “war profiteers,” who exploit the war, siege, and mass poverty to amass vast resources. These profiteers operate via border crossings that connect regions in conflict, which
Mar 3, 2020
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Ishtar Al Shami
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Erdogan, Davutoglu, and the Kurdish Vote in Turkey
After considerable consternation in U.S. congress against Turkey’s incursion into Syria, and a subsequent successful visit by Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdogan to the White House in mid-November, much attention in the United States has been focused on Turkey’s foreign policy agenda. However, Turkey’s foreign policy in Syria is deeply
Dec 6, 2019
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Jiwan Soz
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
How Will the SDF React to Turkey’s Invasion?
On Wednesday, Turkey launched its ‘Fountain of Peace operation’ in northeastern Syria after receiving a de-facto green light from the White House to launch a unilateral operation in the area between Tal Abyad and Serê Kaniyê (Ras al-'Ain in Arabic). This operation began immediately after the United States quickly pulled
Oct 13, 2019
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Wladimir van Wilgenburg
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
The Turkish ‘Safe Zone’ and Erdogan’s Territorial Ambitions
After a month of negotiations and much previous speculation, Washington and Ankara have agreed on a 75-mile buffer zone between Tall Abyad and Ras al-Ain, with the two armies establishing a joint operations center in Ankara. At the end of last week, U.S. and Turkish forces conducted their first joint
Sep 13, 2019
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John Saleh
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Kurdish Voters Will Continue to Exercise their Vote in Turkey
Recently, Turkish municipal politics have become another lens into the complicated relationship between the Turkish government and the country’s Kurdish voters. On August 19, Turkish authorities removed the People’s Democratic Party (HDP) mayors of the majority Kurdish cities of Diyarbakir, Martin, and Van on unspecified charges of terrorism. These mayors
Sep 13, 2019
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Jiwan Soz
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
The Fate of Tel Rifaat Hangs in the Balance
On July 2, the Turkish army reportedly shelled Kurdish forces in the Northern Aleppo region of Tel Rifaat, following a similar incident in mid-June where the Turkish Defense Ministry reported killing ten Kurdish soldiers in retaliation for the death of a Turkish soldier. These recent intermittent skirmishes reflect how Tel
Jul 17, 2019
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Baraa Sabri
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Tensions Between Egypt and Turkey Are on the Rise
Egypt and Turkey are the two largest countries in the eastern Mediterranean; along with Iran, they make up nearly half of the total population of the Middle East. The two states also possess what are considered the two strongest conventional military powers in the Middle East. Moreover, Cairo and Ankara
Jul 17, 2019
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Mohamed Maher
Irina Tsukerman
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Iran’s High Strategic Value for Turkey
In a time where the balance of the Middle East is in flux, regional leaders and the international community alike should be closely following the relationship between Turkey and Iran. While the relationship between Teheran and Ankara has historically been troubled, mutual interests have sprouted newfound cooperation between the two
Jul 16, 2019
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Firas Elias
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
How Displaced Syrians Navigate Their Status in Turkey
While Syrian refugees in Turkey often enjoy far better conditions than their compatriots in Arab countries, the majority of Syrians in Turkey—both within and outside of the country’s refugee camps—face difficulties when it comes to employment, residency rights, integration, and movement between Turkish provinces. Despite these challenges, the prospect of
May 31, 2019
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Omar Kush
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Trump Has–Inadvertently–Provided a Fix to America’s Kurdish Problem with Turkey
Since 2014, Washington has relied on the Syrian Kurdish People’s Protection Units (YPG) to defeat ISIS in Syria. Yet Washington’s policy of working with the YPG in Syria, where U.S. support has helped the group soar, has concurrently undermined American policy regarding the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) in Turkey, the
Apr 18, 2019
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Soner Cagaptay
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Understanding the Dangers of a Turkish ‘Safe-Zone’ in Syria
It has been almost a month since U.S. President Donald Trump’s abrupt announcement that American forces would leave Syria shocked American enemies, allies, and Trump’s own officials alike. For Washington, the question of what comes next has been a matter of significant debate and speculation. For Northeast Syria—and the millions
Jan 31, 2019
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Sinam Mohamad
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Erdogan’s Idlib: Humanitarian Crisis or Political Sticking Point?
In his public remarks and positions, the Turkish president tends to divide the world into two sides based on his own understanding and self-interest: the world of good and the world of evil. Those who stand by him in his aspirations, both legitimate and illegitimate, fall into the former category
Oct 10, 2018
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Aldar Khalil
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Kurdish Cultural Freedoms are Possible in Syria—But Not Political Autonomy
From their establishment in 1957 up to the present time, Kurdish political movements in Syria have focused on demanding national rights for the Kurds, couching cultural rights within a package of political demands. With the outbreak of the Syrian revolt in 2011, the emergence of armed conflict, and the resulting
Aug 16, 2018
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Hussain Zaidou
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Iraq Faces its Next Crisis: Water
While the very earliest civilizations in Iraq grew up around the gifts of the Tigris and Euphrates, millions of Iraqis from the North to the newly revived southern Marshes are at risk from the actions of Iraq’s northern and astern neighbors. Turkey and Iran’s increased limiting of water of the
Jul 19, 2018
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Yerevan Saeed
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
U.S.-Kurdish Relations in Syria after the Manbij Roadmap
In June, Turkey and the United States announced that they had agreed to implement a roadmap to promote peace in the Syrian city of Manbij, which has been under the control of the Syrian Democratic Forces since the 2016 expulsion of ISIS. The agreement came as part of U.S. efforts
Jul 5, 2018
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Abdel Raheem Said
Fikra Forum
Fikra Forum
Why Syria’s Kurds are Struggling Politically
According to one Kurdish proverb, “the Kurd loses at the negotiating table in hours what he has gained on the battlefield over years.” Indeed, although in recent years Syrian Kurdish organizations have demonstrated their military effectiveness in the war against the Islamic State, they have so far been unable to
Jun 12, 2018
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Abdel Raheem Said
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